International Journal of Training and Development 9:4
ISSN 1360-3736
256 International Journal of Training and Development
© 2005 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ,
UK and 350 Main St., Malden, MA 02148, USA.
Blackwell Publishing Ltd.Oxford, UK and Malden, USAIJTDInternational Journal of Training and Development1360-3736Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 20052005 94256270ArticlesInstructor quality affecting EMT
preparedness
* An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Fourth Conference on HRD Research and
Practice across Europe 2003, Toulouse, France.
r Darlene F. Russ-Eft, Oregon State University, School of Education, 411 Education Hall, Corvallis,
OR 97034, USA. Email: darlene.russeft@oregonstate.edu. Philip D. Dickison, National Registry of
EMTs, Rocco V. Morando Building, 6610 Busch Blvd, P.O. Box 29233, Columbus, OH 43229, USA.
Email: phild@nremt.org. Roger Levine, American Institutes for Research, 1070 Arastradero Road, Suite
200, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1334, USA. Email: rlevine@air.org
Instructor quality affecting
emergency medical
technician (EMT)
preparedness: a LEADS
project*
Darlene F. Russ-Eft, Philip D. Dickison
and Roger Levine
This represents one of a series of studies of the Longitudinal
Emergency Medical Technician Attributes and Demographics
Study (LEADS) being undertaken by the National Registry of
Emergency Medical Technicians and the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). This secondary anal-
ysis of the LEADS database, which provides a representative
sampling of EMTs throughout the United States, examines the
effects of instructor quality on the level of preparedness of
emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Results showed signif-
icant differences, based on instructor quality, in the ratings on
ten dimensions of EMT preparedness for both EMT Basics and
EMT Paramedics. Implications for HRD practitioners, adult
educators and researchers are discussed.
Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) comprise a critical segment of the medical care
delivery system in countries throughout the world (e.g., Carney, 1999; Chapleau, 2001;