The Unfinished Business of Mourning: Maruyama Masao and Postwar Japan’s Struggles with the Wartime Past Yoshikuni Igarashi ThepoliticalscientistMaruyamaMasaoestablishedhimselfasoneofthe mostinfluentialintellectualsinpostwarJapanthroughhisconciseanalyses ofthewartimeJapaneseregime.Inhisargumenttheimpededdevelopment ofJapanesemodernityexplainsthefailureofpoliticstopreventthemilitary andfascistelementsfromcontrollingJapanesesociety.Publishedwithina fewyearsofJapan’sdefeat,Maruyama’swritingsonJapanesefascismwere enthusiasticallyaccepted—tohisgreatsurprise—bythosewhowereseeking acriticalpurchaseontheterrainofcontemporaryJapanesepolitics. 1 His workwasofsuchseminalimportancethatitstillcommandstheattentionof Japanesesocialscientiststoday. In1995aspecialistonJapanesepoliticalthoughtexpressedhisunfailing faithinMaruyama’sscholarship: UpuntilnowIhavehadtheopportunitytoreadMaruyama’swritings repeatedlyandeachtimeIhavelearnedmuch.Ihavetriedtocritique positions 10:1©2002byDukeUniversityPress positions Published by Duke University Press