International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169 Volume: 3 Issue: 4 2202 – 2207 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 2202 IJRITCC | April 2015, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org _______________________________________________________________________________________ ECG Signal Analysis with DB6 Wavelet using Verilog HDL Shivani Mehrotra 1 , M.Tech (ECE), Amity University Gurgaon (Haryana), India shivanimtech5@gmail.com Ms. Nisha Charaya* 2 Assistant Professor, Amity University Gurgaon (Haryana), India Ms. Jagandeep Kaur* 3 Assistant Professor, Amity University Gurgaon (Haryana), India Dr. Janak B. Patel* 4 Professor, Amity University Gurgaon (Haryana), India Abstract-The abnormal condition of electrical activity of the heart is given by ECG (Electrocardiogram). The peaks and the valleys of the ECG signal depict the useful information about the nature of disease affecting the heart.ECG signals are very low frequency signals, of about 0.5 Hz-100 Hz. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) has been used in last few years in many applications. In this paper, it has been used as a tool for noise removal and extraction of QRS complex. Db6 using FIR filter has been designed using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL). ModelSim Altera 6.4a is used as simulator. Keywords- Discrete Wavelet Transform, ECG (Electrocardiography), FIR Digital filter, STFT (Short time Fourier transform), Wavelet __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________ 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 HEART The heart is a muscular pump made up of four chambers. The two upper chambers are called atria, and the two lower chambers are called ventricles. The electrical activity that takes place causes the heart muscle to contract and pump blood through the heart to the lungs and rest of the body. [8] Figure 1: Electrical activity of Heart Each action potential, in other words, electrical activity in heart originates near the top of the right atrium at a point called the pacemaker or Sinoatrial(SA) node. The wave generated terminates at a point near center of heart called as Atrioventricular (AV) node. The deviations in normal electrical patterns indicate various cardiac disorders. Cardiac cells, in normal state are electrically polarized. Their inner sides are negatively charged relative to their outer sides. These cardiac cells lose their normal negativity in a process called depolarization, which is fundamental electrical activity of the heart. This depolarization is propagated from cell to cell, producing a wave of depolarization that can be transmitted across the entire heart. This wave of depolarization produces a flow of electric current and can be detected by placing electrodes on the surface of the body. Once depolarization is complete, the cardiac cells are able to restore their normal polarity by process called repolarization, sensed by electrodes. [1] 1.2 ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG) The Dutch Physician Willem Einthoven, in 1903 marked the beginning of new era in medical diagnostic techniques for establishment of clinical ECG. It is the tool that records and measures the activity of the heart. [9] Description Of ECG Waveform: The ECG signal is characterized by five peaks and valleys labeled by the letters P, Q, R, S, T. In some cases we also use another peak called U. A typical ECG tracing of electrocardiogram baseline voltage is known as the isoelectric line. Features:  P wave: It corresponds to the period of atrial depolarization in the heart.  QRS complex: It is usually the most relevant (recognizable) feature of an ECG waveform. It is combined result of repolarization of atria and depolarization of ventricles; however atrial repolarization gets obscure due to large QRS complex.  T wave: It represents the end of the cardiac cycle.