dementias such as Pick bodies, cortical atrophy and sub cortical tau to de- mentia in the old is unknown. The independent contributions of neuropa- thologies generally accepted to be common in dementia such as Hirano bodies, gliosis, granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) are also unknown. The current study investigated the relationship between these less common and ‘disregarded’ neuropathologies to late onset dementia in a population- based sample of older people. Methods: The sample was drawn from the Epidemiological CLInicoPathological Studies in Europe (EClipSE) project (www.eclipsestudy.eu) which is a harmonisation of population-based au- topsy and clinical data. There were 627 individuals aged 71-103 years, 55% clinically demented at death. Pathologies assessed included: Pick bod- ies, severe neuronal loss, gliosis and GVD in the cortex and/or hippocampus, as well as brainstem plaques, tangles, severe neuronal loss, gliosis, pigmen- tary incontinence and Lewy bodies. Associations between each pathological marker and clinical dementia were assessed, taking into account cortical plaques and tangles. Results: All neuropathologies were associated with clinical dementia when controlling for cortical plaques and tangles except Hirano bodies, GVD and brainstem plaques. These included: hippocampal and entorhinal gliosis; cortical, hippocampal and entorhinal neuronal loss, along with brainstem neuronal loss, gliosis, pigmentary incontinence, Lewy bodies and tangles. Pick bodies were present in five individuals, all had clinical dementia. Conclusions: Findings contribute to the emerging understanding that late onset dementia is associated with a broad range of neuropathologies and anatomical regions. Results also illustrate that less common pathologies associated with rare dementia syndromes are seen in the old. The population-based approach gives extra weight to results, as in- dividuals were sourced from, and the sample is representative of, the general population rather than clinics or brain banks. Future work should include these less common and ‘disregarded’ pathologies, particularly within the brainstem, where pathologies were consistently associated with clinical de- mentia. P3-283 SERUM CERAMIDES PREDICT INCIDENT ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: THE WOMEN’S HEALTH AND AGING STUDY (WHAS) II Michelle Mielke 1 , Veera Vankata Ratnam Bandaru 1 , Jin Xia 1 , Norman Haughey 1 , Sevil Yasar 1 , Marilyn Albert 1 , Vijay Varma 1 , Greg Harris 1 , Eric Schneider 1 , Karen Bandeen-Roche 1 , Linda Fried 2 , Constantine Lyketsos 3 , Michelle Carlson 1 , 1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States; 2 Columbia University, New York, New York, United States; 3 Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Background: Cell culture and animal studies suggest a link between ce- ramides and aberrant amyloid processing. Human studies of non-demented populations have shown that high serum ceramides are associated with risk of memory impairment and hippocampal volume loss. The aim of the present study was to determine whether serum ceramides and sphingo- myelins (SM) were associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Participants included 99 non-de- mented women with baseline serum SM and ceramides enrolled in a longi- tudinal population-based study and followed for up to 6 visits over 9 years. Baseline plasma lipids, in tertiles, were examined in relation to all-cause de- mentia and AD using Discrete Time Cox Proportional survival analysis. Lipids were analyzed using ESI/MS/MS. Results: Twenty-seven (27.3%) of the 99 women developed incident all-cause dementia over the 9-year fol- low-up; 18 (66.7%) dementia cases were diagnosed with probable AD. Higher baseline serum ceramides, but not SM, were associated with an in- creased risk of AD, and the relationships were stronger than those seen when examining all-cause dementia. Compared to the lowest tertile, the second tertile of ceramide C16:0 was associated with a 10-fold increased risk of AD (95% CI: 1.2-85.1) and the highest tertile with a 7.6-fold increased risk (95% CI: 0.9-62.1). The highest tertiles of ceramide C24:0 (HR ¼ 5.1, 95% CI: 1.1-23.6) and the lactosyl ceramide (HR ¼ 9.8, 95% CI: 1.2-80.1) were also associated with a significantly increased risk of AD. To- tal and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were not associated with all-cause dementia or AD. Conclusions: Building on previous findings that high blood ceramides are predictive of memory impairment, cognitive decline, and hippocampal volume loss, the present results further suggest that partic- ular species of plasma ceramides are associated with the development of AD and warrants continued examination of these lipids as a possible blood- based biomarker. P3-284 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LONGITUDINAL COGNITIVE PROFILE AND ACCUMULATION OF AMYLOID-BETA PROTEIN IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS Naoki Tomita 1 , Katsutoshi Furukawa 1 , Nobuyuki Okamura 2 , Manabu Tashiro 3 , Shozo Furumoto 4 , Ren Iwata 3 , Kazuhiko Yanai 4 , Yukitsuka Kudo 3 , Hiroyuki Arai 1 , 1 Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 2 Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; 3 Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 4 Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be one of the most consistent risks of developing dementia. However, it is not known if the pa- thology in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with DM is similar to or distinct from typical pathological features of AD. In addition, it is not clear whether the profile of longitudinal cognitive decline of AD patients with DM is different from that of typical AD. Methods: We recruited probable AD patients from the outpatients of our clinic. Brain MRI was performed on all the subjects to exclude other causes of dementia. We investigated the accumulation of amyloid beta by PET using BF-227, a currently devel- oped amyloid beta tracer. In addition to these subjects, we investigated ad- ditional outpatients of AD with or without DM for the investigation of their longitudinal cognitive profile. Results: Abundant aggregated Ab accumula- tion was identified in the cerebral cortex of AD patients with DM who do not have cerebrovascular diseases. The extent and distributions of BF-227 accu- mulation in the diabetic AD patients are not significantly different from these of non-diabetic AD patients. Longitudinal cognitive change appeared to be similar between the two groups. Conclusions: The extent and distri- butions of BF-227 accumulation in the diabetic AD patients are not signif- icantly different from these of non-diabetic AD patients. These results suggest that common form of DM-associated dementia is AD that is charac- terized by Ab deposition. P3-285 DYSLIPIDEMIA IS A MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASES Ahmad Allouche 1 , Laurent Royer 1 , Marie Christine Escanye 2 , Catherine Malaplate-Armand 1 , Jean Luc Olivier 1 , Frances Yen-Potin 1 , Thierry Pillot 1 , Thierry Oster 1 , Am elie Dhaussy 3 , Sylvie Breton 3 , Alain Huertas 3 , 1 ENSAIA-INPL, Nancy, France; 2 CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France; 3 Soci et e Lesieur SAS, Paris, France. Background: Dyslipidemia, as defined by hypercholesterolemia and hyper- triglyceridemia, represents a common risk factor for several age-related pathologies, most particularly, metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegener- ative diseases. It is often responsible for obesity, which has been reported to be associated to cognitive deficits. Indeed, along with extended lifespan, dyslipidemia is increasingly considered to play a pivotal role in Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: One-hundred-and-fifty male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 months at baseline were fed for 6 months with distinct diets regarding calo- ric intake (high-fat) and supplementation in long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC3PUFA). Biological follow-up included evaluation of various blood parameters and cognitive capacities. Next, these mice were submitted to brain injection of either soluble amyloid-ß oligomers or saline solution. Their learning and memory performances were studied for 15 days, prior to sacrifice and biochemical analyses focusing on synaptic proteins and fatty acid composition in selected brain structures. Results: As compared to con- trol diet, high-fat diet led to moderate obesity and dyslipidemia, which was associated with lower cognitive performances and higher susceptibility to Poster Presentations P3 S607