The Role of Constitution Revolution and The Impact of Translation Movement in the formation of Children’s Literature in Iran during Late Qajar Era Elaheh Gerami, Dr. Bahloul Salmani Department of Translation Studies, Faculty of English Literature, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, g_eli2009@yahoo.com Department of Translation Studies, Faculty of English Literature, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, salmani_b@yahoo.com Abstract. This research is analyzing children’s literature during the Constitution Era which is important in the history of Iran. Constitution Revolution was the outcome of Orient culture affection by the Western culture and ideas. It analysis the formation of new educational concepts during the time of the Constitutional Revolution, critical study of early school texts and the study of the early works with educational, didactic, and prescriptive content. The theoretical framework used to investigate the matter and determine the position of children's literature in Iran and the role of translation in it was Even Zohar’s polysystem (multiple systems) theory. The result of this study shows that with the formation of new literature for children in the constitution era the history of children's literature in Iran was faced with cultural stagnation phenomenon up to constitution era. Emergence of new literary genres in children's literature, translation of works of literature for children of other countries were the achievements of the entrance of the West culture in Iran and its impact on the traditional culture of our country. Keywords: children’s literature, polysystem theory, translated literature 1 Introduction This paper is based on The History of Children's Literature in Iran (HCLI) a research project undertaken by the Foundation for Research on the History of Children's Literature in Iran (a non-governmental organization). Started in 1997, the project has been spread over 10 volumes. In this article the researcher/s has analyzed the history of children’s literature during Constitution Era in Iran. The aim of this study is to examine the role of the constitution revolution and translated movement in formation of children’ s literature based of Even Zohar’s polysystem theory. This paper is an analytical study that not only surveys the changes in children’s status during time, but also shows the evolution of the educational system that helped children’s literature emerge promote and strength and gives a historical report of the development of children’s literature in Iran This research taught us any text in children’s literature has a specific history and its continuity leads the development of its place. The researcher/s did not do the fieldwork own self and has collected this information through studying, summarizing and translating of books and articles. The researcher/s has looked at the matter from a translation student perspective and reviewed it in a limited timeframe so may skip something. All translation has done by the researcher/s. In this way the book that was used as source book was The History of Children’s Literature in Iran by Mohammadi, Mohammad .H. & Ghaeni, Zohreh (vol. 3 and 4, Chista, 2002, 2003) in Persian. 2 Review of Related Literature It seems translation has shaped and formed Iranian children’s literature and as Iranian rich content -literature was not in accordance with the spirit and ethos of children, therefore, this vacuum in the literary system of Iran has been filled through translation. It goes without saying that each culture will have its own particular translation history according to the historical and political events that have shaped it. Even- Zohar's (1978, p.1) remark that "in spite of the broad recognition among historians of culture of the major role translation has played in the crystallization of national cultures, relatively little research has been carried out so far in this area." was an extremely important statement, for the implications of his theory of cultural change were enormous.