A Methodology for Mapping SysML Activity Diagram to Time Petri Net for Requirement Validation of Embedded Real-Time Systems with Energy Constraints Ermeson Andrade, Paulo Maciel, Gustavo Callou, Bruno Nogueira Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) Informatics Center (CIn) Recife, PE, Brazil ecda, prmm, grac, bcsn@cin.ufpe.br Abstract In this paper we use the Activity diagram of the System Modeling Language (SysML) in combination with the new UML profile for Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time and Embedded systems (MARTE) in order to validate functio- nal, timing and low power requirements in early phases of the embedded system development life-cycle. However, SysML lacks a formal semantics and hence it is not possible to apply, directly, mathematical techniques on SysML mo- dels for system validation. Thus, a novel approach for auto- matic translation of SysML Activity diagram into Time Petri Net with Energy constraints (ETPN) is proposed. In order to depict the practical usability of the proposed method, a case study is presented, namely, pulse-oximeter. Besides, the es- timates obtained (execution time and energy consumption) from the model are 95% close to the respective measures obtained from the real hardware platform. 1 Introduction Embedded systems that have timing constraints are clas- sified as real-time systems. In these systems, not only the logical results of computations are important, but also the time instant in which they are obtained. Hard real-time sys- tems are those whose the respective timing constraints must be met at all cost, since violation might be catastrophic. Hence, time predictability is an essential issue. In additio- nal, the widespread expansion of mobile devices market has forced embedded systems companies to deal with several additional challenges in order to provide complex systems in this market niche. One of the most important challen- ges is related to energy consumption, since portable devices generally rely on constrained energy sources (e.g. battery). As consequence, early estimation of the energy consump- tion can provide important insights to the designer about the battery lifetime as well as parts of the application that needs optimization. In addition, heterogeneity and complexity growth of the Embedded Real-Time Systems (ERTS) require interdisci- plinary approaches in development processes embracing software engineering, mechanics, electric and electronics areas. Accordingly, a modeling language, called SysML [11], has been specified by OMG (Object Management Group) which supports the specification, analysis, design, verification and validation of a broad range of complex sys- tems. These systems may include hardware, software, in- formation, processes, personnel, and facilities. However, SysML does not provide support for quantitative notations. Quantitative notations are especially important when mode- ling ERTS. Hence, we consider the SysML in combination with MARTE [1] as specification language for the design of ERTS. MARTE foster the construction of models that may be used to make quantitative predictions regarding real-time and embedded features of systems taking into account both hardware and software characteristics [1]. SysML is composed of several diagram types (use case, activity, sequence and so on). Activity Diagram (AD) [11] is adopted in this work due to its suitable characteristics for modeling requirement when dealing with real-time systems. The SysML-ADs are used to model the dynamic system as- pects. This work aims to depict the mapping of SysML-AD into an ETPN [13] in order to estimate the energy consumption and execution time of ERTS. The execution time and energy consumption constraints are represented as MARTE profile annotations. The ETPN model is generated by a mapping process, after that, the model is evaluated for calculating the best and worst path execution time and the respective energy consumption. Moreover, the ETPN model is also adopted for qualitative analysis and verification. !009 Third International Conference on Digital Society !78-0-76!5-3526-5/0! $25.00 © 200! IEEE DOI 10.110!/ICDS.200!.1! 266