OBSTETRICS
Intrauterine growth restriction: comparison of American
College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists practice
bulletin with other national guidelines
Suneet P. Chauhan, MD; Lata M. Gupta, MD; Nancy W. Hendrix, MD; Vincenzo Berghella, MD
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare national guide-
lines regarding small for gestational age (SGA).
STUDY DESIGN: Along with American College of Obstetricians and
Gynecologists (ACOG) practice bulletin on abnormal growth, guide-
lines from England, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand were
reviewed.
RESULTS: There are no guidelines on SGA from Canada, Australia,
and New Zealand. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecolo-
gists (RCOG) guideline agrees with ACOG’s definition of abnormal
growth, but there are noticeable variances in the diagnosis and man-
agement of SGA. RCOG has more recommendations than ACOG (18 vs
4, respectively). The articles referenced varied, with only 13 similar
articles being cited by the both committees.
CONCLUSION: The differences in the 2 guidelines suggest that there is
variance in how 2 committees synthesize the literature and issue
recommendations.
Key words: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,
national guidelines, recommendations, Royal College of Obstetricians
and Gynecologists, small for gestational age
Cite this article as: Chauhan SP, Gupta LM, Hendrix NW, et al. Intrauterine growth restriction: comparison of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
practice bulletin with other national guidelines. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009;200:409.e1-409.e6.
W
ritten to optimize outcomes,
minimize cost, and decrease
medical liability,
1
the American College
of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
(ACOG) practice bulletins are 1 of the
most influential publications for clini-
cians doing obstetrics in the United
States.
2
The bulletins identify pertinent
publications on a specific topic, classify
the references according to the US Pre-
ventive Task Force, synthesize the litera-
ture, and formulate evidence-based
recommendations.
1
Accustomed to these guidelines since
1998, clinicians in the United States may
be unaware that other countries have
analogous publications. The Royal Col-
lege of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
(RCOG), for example, publishes green
guidelines; the Society of Obstetricians
and Gynecology (SOGC) of Canada,
clinical practical guidelines, and the
Royal Australian New Zealand College of
Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RAN-
ZCOG), clinical statements. Because 4
different organizations are synthesizing
the publications in English, it occurred
to us that comparison of guidelines on a
specific topic would be illustrative of
practices in different countries and
instructive on the formulation of
guidelines.
The purpose of this review article was
to ascertain the similarities and differ-
ences, if any, in national guidelines on a
specific topic. Because ACOG character-
izes intrauterine growth restriction
(IUGR) as “one of the most common
and complex problems in modern ob-
stetrics,”
3
we chose this topic to compare
guidelines from other countries. The re-
view started with accessing the ACOG,
RCOG, SOGC and RANZCOG web
sites
4-7
and determining whether they
have any publications on IUGR. As of
March 2008, neither SOGC nor RAN-
ZCOG had published national guide-
lines on this topic. Thus, this review fo-
cused on ACOG and RCOG guidelines
on IUGR,
3,8
which were published in
2000 and 2002, respectively.
Terminology and definition
ACOG notes that the terms IUGR and
small for gestational age (SGA) have
been used interchangeably, creating con-
fusion on the topic. SGA, according to
American guidelines, is a newborn with
an actual birthweight below 10th percen-
tile for gestational age (GA), whereas
IUGR is estimated fetal weight (EFW)
below this threshold.
3
RCOG does not
differentiate between IUGR and SGA.
8
Regardless of what the national
guidelines call suboptimal growth,
both acknowledge that there are mul-
tiple definitions. Estimated or actual
weight below the third or fifth percen-
tiles, for example, are 2 common crite-
ria that both guidelines acknowledge.
Despite the various criteria, ACOG and
RCOG consider the abnormal condi-
tion to be estimated or actual weight
below 10%. For RCOG, abdominal cir-
From Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI
(Drs Chauhan and Gupta), and the
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
(Drs Hendrix and Berghella), Jefferson
Medical College, Thomas Jefferson
University, Philadelphia, PA.
Received July 8, 2008; revised Sept. 20, 2008;
accepted Nov. 17, 2008.
Reprints not available from the authors.
0002-9378/$36.00
© 2009 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.025
Research www. AJOG.org
APRIL 2009 American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 409.e1