Full Papers zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZWVUTSRQPONMLJIH
New Indole and Pyridazinoindole Analogs - Synthesis and Study as
Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterases and as Inhibitors of Blood Platelet
Aggregation
b)
Amrinone
CH3S
Antonio Monge*
a
\ Maria-Eugenia Navarro
a)
, Maria Font
a)
, Esteban Santiago
b
\ Elena Alberdi
and Juan-Jose Martmez-Irujo^ zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
a)
Medicinal Chemistry and
b)
Biochemistry, Centro de Investigation en Farmacobiologia Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra,
31080 Pamplona, Spain zyvtsrponlihgedcbaWVKI
Key Words: indole, pyridazinoindole, phosphodiesterases, platelet aggregation
Summary
This paper presents the synthesis of new indole, pyridazino[4,5~&]~
indole, and pyridazino[4,5-a]indole analogs as well as a study of
their "in vitro" activity as inhibitors of different phosphodiester-
ases isolated from dog cardiac tissue, dog aorta, and bovine plate-
lets; the study of their activity as inhibitors of platelet aggregation
in guinea pig whole blood, with ADP and arachidonic acid (AA)
as pro-aggregants, is also included. The selected compounds
8-benzyloxy-3,4-dihydro-1 -(3,4,5~trimethoxy)benzylideneami-
nopyridazino[4,5-&]indole 14g, and 8-benzyloxy-4-[(3,5~di~
methyl)pyrazolyl]pyridazmo[4,5-fr]indole 20 present an interest-
ing profile as potential inodilators, with a complementary,
beneficial activity as inhibitors of the aggregation, activities which
could possibly be related to the inhibition of the PDE's. Among
the other compounds studied, 8-benzyloxy-3,4-dihydro-1-[4-
(methyl)piperazino] acetamidopyridazino [4,5indol-4-one 16c
and 8-benzylox|-3,4-dihydro-1-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperaz-
ino]acetamidopyridazino[4,5-£]indol-4-one 16f stood out as in-
hibitors of platelet aggregation, with a mechanism that could
possibly be related to the AA cascade.
Introduction
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an illness which affects
millions of persons throughout the world, and has a high death
rate in spite of the efforts made in the therapeutic field over
these past few years
The traditional treatment of CHF has been based on the use
of cardiac glycosides, diuretics, and vasodilators, either sepa-
rately or in combination. However, the pronounced toxic
effects and the narrow therapeutic index of the cardiac gly-
cosides^ have prompted an extensive search for alternatives
to the conventional therapy of this disease, especially for
those cases in which conventional long-term treatment is not
advisable, having reached a high degree of deterioration or
hemodynamic instability, such as in the case of patients with
severe CHF requiring a more aggressive therapy, usually
intravenous administration of therapeutic a g e n t s ' A l l of this
led to the design of new cardiotonic agents such as amri-
none milrinone enoximone indolidan and
saterinone^ (Figure 1), which in addition, combine the prop-
erties of positive inotropes with vasodilator activity in order
to achieve maximum improvement in cardiac perform-
T9 101
ance
L
*'
1UJ
.
Enoximone Indolidan
OCH3
Saterinorie
Figure 1
The mechanism of action of these compounds could be
attributed, at least partly, to the inhibition of phosphodi-
estarase isoenzymes which are specific for cyclic adenosine-
s',5'-monophospate (cAMP) and consequently to an
increase in intracellular cAMP, varying the effectiveness of
these compounds considerably for said increase
These PDE inhibitors, which initially appeared to hold great
therapeutic promise, have scarcely shown clinical benefits in
controlled studies. This has interrupted the clinical develop-
ment of some of them, as in the case of indolidan others,
such as milrinone, are surrounded with controversy concern-
ing their efficiency and even the safety in their use in patients zyxwvuts
Arch. Pharm. (Weinheim) 328, 689-698 (1995) © VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, D-69451 Weinheim, 1995 0365-6233/95/1010-0689 $5.00 + .25/0