Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 39 (2001) 139 – 146 In vitro and preclinical targeted alpha therapy for melanoma, breast, prostate and colorectal cancers B.J. Allen a,c *, S. Rizvi a,c , Y. Li a , Z. Tian b , M. Ranson b a Centre for Experimental Radiation Oncology, St George Cancer Care Centre, Gray Street, Kogarah NSW 2219, Australia b Centre for Experimental Radiation Oncology, Biology, Uniersity of Wollongong, NSW, Australia c Centre for Experimental Radiation Oncology, Uniersity of NSW, Australia Accepted 12 January 2001 Contents 1. Introduction ............................................... 140 1.1. Targeting cancer cells ....................................... 140 1.1.1. Monoclonal antibodies (mab) ............................... 140 1.1.2. Plasminogen activation inhibitor (PAI-2) ........................ 141 1.2. Targeted alpha therapy ...................................... 141 1.2.1. Biological effect ....................................... 141 1.2.2. Requirements for control of metastases ......................... 141 2. Methods .................................................. 141 2.1. Radioisotopes ............................................ 141 2.2. Chelators............................................... 141 2.3. Cell lines ............................................... 142 2.4. Cell survival assay ......................................... 142 2.5. In vivo model ............................................ 142 2.5.1. Immunohistochemistry ................................... 142 3. Results................................................... 142 3.1. Radioisotope production and labeling .............................. 142 3.2. In Vitro studies ........................................... 142 3.2.1. Melanoma .......................................... 142 3.2.2. CRC ............................................. 142 3.2.3. Prostate cancer ....................................... 143 3.3. In vivo studies ........................................... 143 3.3.1. Melanoma .......................................... 143 3.3.2. Breast cancer ........................................ 144 3.3.3. Toxicology .......................................... 144 4. Conclusions ................................................ 144 Acknowledgements ............................................. 145 References .................................................. 145 Biography................................................... 146 www.elsevier.com/locate/critrevonc * Corresponding author. Tel.: +61-2-93503855; fax: +61-2-93502456. E-mail address: b.allen@unsw.edu.au (B.J. Allen). 1040-8428/01/$ - see front matter © 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. PII:S1040-8428(01)00113-5