Towards a typology of non-payment Page 1 Unpaid Britain Project Towards a typology of non-payment Nick Clark, Middlesex University April 2016 Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Typologies ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Classification by the mechanisms of non-payment. ........................................................................... 5 Causative factors................................................................................................................................. 6 Motivation or consent of the worker ................................................................................................. 7 Factors considered in constructing a typology ....................................................................................... 8 Worker consent............................................................................................................................... 9 Employer intent .............................................................................................................................. 9 Proposed typology ............................................................................................................................ 10 Testing & using the typology ................................................................................................................ 12 References ............................................................................................................................................ 13 Appendix ............................................................................................................................................... 14 Unpaid wages as measured by official (or administrative) data ...................................................... 14 Introduction This paper is intended to introduce participants in the Unpaid Britain typology workshop to a proposal for a typology of non-payment. Bearing in mind that the workshop is intended to be a practical session, and includes practitioners as well as academics, I have tried to keep the discussion of the academic and other literature on which I have relied as short as possible. It is not possible, of course to avoid it altogether, since without it, the proposals may make little sense. I am preparing a more thorough discussion of the process which has led me to my preliminary proposal, which I intend to publish as a Working Paper, together with any amendments and refinements which may arise as a result of our discussions. This should appear on the project website (http://unpaidbritain.org), but will also be sent out to all participants who indicate that they would like to receive a copy.