1 THE SCHOLARS OF 20 TH -21 ST CENTURIES CE Since late 19 th - early 20 th centuries CE, the intangible heritage of the High Mountains of Sinai Peninsula is studied-documented in an anthropological-scientific approach, compared to the previous pilgrimage and travel accounts of the past centuries. The intangible heritage of the mountain range is widely approached via studies of regional perspective, taking into account the mountain range as a part of the whole Sinai Peninsula which shares the region a common herit- age to a great extent. Nevertheless, the scholars-anthropologists highlighted the special charac- teristics of the intangible heritage of the mountain range caused by its unique geo-historical and environmental setting within Sinai Peninsula, leading to more focused studies on the natural- cultural aspects of the mountain range and their impact on day-to-day activities and festive events of the inhabitants. (Sinai Peninsula Research, 2000-2010) In 1916 CE, Naoum Shuqier the director of the Historical Section in War Ministry ‘Royal Egypt, 1889-1914 CE’ completed the first detailed account about the intangible heritage of Sinai Peninsula Bedouins ‘The History of Sinai and Arabs with Resume of the History of Egypt, Sy- ria, Mesopotamia and Arabia’ (i.e. Arabic ref.:       ) (Shuqier, 1917); it was followed by the accounts of Refa’at El Gohary, an ex-general in the Egyptian Military who served in Sinai Peninsula during the 1 st half of 20 th century CE, as he published two interconnected accounts: i) Law of the Desert: Customs and Traditions in 1960 Themes of traditional-modernized daily life of the Gebaliya tribe in the High Mountains of Sinai Peninsula A. Shams Management and Development of Cultural Heritage (MDCH), PhD Student IMT Institute for Advanced Studies, Lucca, Italy ABSTRACT: At the end of the first decade of the 21 st century CE, the traditional daily life of the nomadic Bedouin communities in the Middle East relatively and/or absolutely changed ac- cording to the geographical setting of the community of interest, determining the level of sub- jection to various multidisciplinary factors. Since the emergence of permanent rural-urban set- tlements in 1970s CE in the High Mountains of Sinai Peninsula (i.e. UNESCO World Heritage Site No. 954), the Bedouins of the Gebaliya tribe partially preserve their traditional day-to-day activities under the exerted pressure of mass modernization-urbanization policies and different dynamic aspects, shifting over consecutive economical transition phases. Based on ten years of extensive research-survey work via a series of seventeen expeditions (i.e. Sinai Peninsula Re- search 2000-2010 CE), this paper presents themes of traditional-modernized day-to-day activi- ties and festive events of the Gebaliya tribe, as it defines the interconnected-interchanging rela- tion between the daily social dynamics with respect to geographical, geo-political, economical, demographical, cultural and environmental aspects on one hand, and the level of preservation- development of these themes on the other hand. After the economical transition phase of the EU-Commission fund, South Sinai Regional Development Program ‘2006-2010 CE’, it is cru- cial to identify the impact of the domestic-national/international development policies on the Bedouin day-to-day activities and festive events in terms of practice, preservation and documen- tation, in the light of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage which was ratified by Egypt in August 2005 CE.