TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT, VOL. 13, NO. 6, 2002, 827- 841
Adoption of a quality assurance scheme and
its eþect on ®rm performance: A study of
Greek ®rms implementing ISO 9000
K
ostas
T
sekouras
,E
fthalia
D
imara
&D
imitris
S
kuras
Department of Economics, University of Patras, University CampusÐRio, PO Box 1391, Patras,
26500, Greece
abstract
An analysis of 143 ®rms in the Greek manufacturing and service sectors reveals that
adopters of ISO 9000 quality assurance schemes are larger companies producing intermediate goods,
but less pro®table and with higher leverage than their non-adopter counterparts. The eþects of
adopting an ISO 9000 scheme on ®rm performance and especially on certain dimensions of
pro®tability are not signi®cant in a period of 5-6 years after adoption. Evidence suggests that the
adoption of an ISO 9000 quality assurance scheme, being a continuous process of improvement, is
bene®cial in the long term and does not necessarily improve ®nancial ratios in the short term. Active
support policies for the promotion and dissemination of quality standards in the manufacturing and
service sectors of Greece can be reconsidered and a more targeted policy should be implemented.
Future research may be designed and implemented so that long-term and strategic eþects of the
adoption of the new ISO 9000:2000 standards are revealed.
Introduction
The International Organization for Standardization’s (ISO) 9000 series was introduced in
1987, aiming to set standards for enterprises desiring to adopt a quality system, provide
quality assurance to their business counterparts or ®nal customers and achieve zero-defect
products. A `quality system’ consists of a set of ®xed business procedures and rules aiming
to ensure that a product, process or service meets a predetermined and widely acknowledged
set of standards (Vloeberghs & Bellens, 1996). Quality assurance is the industrial process
designed to manage and update the quality system, able continuously to guarantee and
demonstrate that the system conforms to the agreed set of speci®c conditions and standards
(Rothery, 1992). The ISO 9000 series or, more formally, `Quality Management and Quality
Assurance Standards’, outlines the requirements to be met by a producer illustrating its
competence to design, produce and deliver products or services with a consistent and
coherent level of quality. The ISO 9000 series consists of ®ve related standards numbered
9000 to 9004.
ISO 9000 is a set of guidelines for the adoption, adaptation and use of ISO 9001, 9002
and 9003, providing an outline of quality management and quality assurance standards and
oþering de®nitions of background key terms, fundamental for understanding quality concepts
Correspondence : D. Skuras. Tel: + 30610996130; E-mail: skuras@econ.upatras.gr
ISSN 0954-4127 print/ISSN 1360-0613 online/02/060827-15 © 2002 Taylor & Francis Ltd
DOI: 10.1080/0954412022000010163