American Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 18, No, 1, 1990
Subjective Social Stress Indicators and the Level
of Reported Psychopathology: The Case of Israel 1
Simha F. Landau 2
This study investigated (on the aggregate level) the relationship between the
level of psychopathology in society (monthly rates of inpatient psychiatric
admissions) and the population's perception of stress (expressions of worry
or dissatisfaction regarding the general, economic, and security situation)
and social support (national solidarity expressed as positive attitudes regarding
relations between various segments of the population). The subjective indi-
cators were derived from continuing surveys of representative samples of
urban Israeli population during 1967-1979. Included were 12 stress indica-
tors and 3 solidarity indicators. As predicted, general stress was positively
related to psychiatric admissions, while security stress (due to its cohesive
effecO and social solidarity were negatively related to these admissions. Con-
trary to prediction, economic subjective stress was negatively related to psy-
chiatric admissions. Theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.
Israeli society can justifiably be described as an ideal natural laboratory for
the study of the effects of stress on human beings. In addition to the usual
types of stress experienced in all modern societies, Israelis are exposed to
a number of additional stressors which, in their combination, are quite
unique.
First and foremost among these extra stressors is the continuous state
of war between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Since its establishment in 1948,
1The author thanks Bracha Katz-Sheiban, research coordinator, and Daniel Fridman, for his
assistance in the statistical analysis. The valuable remarks of the anonymous reviewers are much
appreciated. Thanks are also due to Miriam Popper for her assistance in obtaining the data
on psychiatric admissions, and to the Louis Guttman Israel Institute for Applied Social Research
for providing the survey data. This study was supported by a grant from the Israeli National
Council for Research and Development.
2All correspondence should be sent to Simha F. Landau, Institute of Criminology, Faculty of
Law, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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0091-0562/90/0200-0019506.00/0 © 1990 Plenum Publishing Corporation