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Irrational categorization, natural intolerance
and reasonable discrimination: Lay
representations of prejudice and racism
Lia Figgou
1
* and Susan Condor
2
1
Department of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
2
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, UK
This paper explores how the constructs of ‘prejudice’ and ‘racism’ were used and
understood by respondents in an interview study concerning the settlement of Albanian
refugees in Greece. Analysis indicated the existence of multiple, potentially contradictory,
common sense understandings of prejudice and racism, analogous to some accounts of
the prejudice construct in academic social psychology. However, notwithstanding the fact
that respondents displayed multiple understandings of racism or prejudice in theory,
these abstract formulations were rarely employed to account for actual instances of
discrimination. Specific discriminatory acts against Albanian people were framed instead
as matters of fear and risk. By virtue of being cast within a problematic of in/security
rather than within the discursive frame of prejudice, particular hostile actions against
the Albanian refugees could be glossed as reasonable and understandable.
The topic of racial or ethnic prejudice has represented a long-standing concern on the
part of social psychologists. Samelson (1978) went so far as to argue that the adoption of
the prejudice construct (in opposition to accounts of ‘racial difference’) contributed to
the rise of social psychology as a distinct subdiscipline in the late 1920s. Over the course
of the last century, social psychologists have built up a considerable body of literature
detailing the nature, prevalence, and causes of prejudicial attitudes, stereotypes, and
discriminatory behaviour (see Augoustinos & Reynolds, 2001; Brown, 1995; Jones,
1997; Plous, 2002, for recent reviews). However, comparatively little attention has been
paid to everyday understandings of these same constructs. Rather, academic social
psychologists have tended to treat ordinary social actors as unreflexive formulators of
stereotyped views, bearers of prejudiced attitudes, or agents of discriminatory
behaviour. The privilege to define prejudice and to recognize it as a problem, the
capacity to theorize its existence and to speculate on possible solutions, has been
restricted largely to the reified universe (Moscovici, 1984) of academic social
psychology.
* Correspondence should be addressed to Lia Figgou, Fleming 40, 55133, Thessaloniki, Greece (e-mail: lfiggou@hotmail.com).
The
British
Psychological
Society
219
British Journal of Social Psychology (2006), 45, 219–243
q 2006 The British Psychological Society
www.bpsjournals.co.uk
DOI:10.1348/014466605X40770