POTENTIAL INLAND AQUACULTURE SITES USING HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE
IMAGES IN A REGION OF HIGH MARGINALIZATION
Yolanda M, Fernandez-Ordoñez
1
. Jesus Soria-Ruiz
2
1
Colegio de Postgraduados-Campus Montecillo. Mexico. yfernand@colpos.mx
2
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Mexico.
soria.jesus@inifap.gob.mx
ABSTRACT
Aquaculture has an important potential in the alleviation of
food shortfalls and poverty in many countries. The effective
practice of aquaculture is based on several requirements,
among which the location of appropriate sites and
information which allows merging with activities of local
populations are important. This paper reports on the location
of appropriate water bodies for inland aquaculture in Mexico
based on high resolution satellite images processing. The
approach is illustrated for the state of Guerrero. The
information is presented in thematic maps of water bodies
suitable for aquaculture and the methodology employed is
amenable to application in other regions.
Index Terms— multifunctional agriculture,
aquaculture, water bodies
1. INTRODUCTION
Multifunctional approaches to a widened perspective of
agriculture, which in particular includes inland aquaculture,
are recognized as beneficial to small-scale producers for
self-consumption [1]. In public policies aligned with
sustainability concerns, aquaculture is a relevant ingredient
[2]. The effective practice of aquaculture is based on several
requirements, among which the location of appropriate sites
and merging with activities of local populations are
important [3] [4].
This paper reports on a methodology to locate potentially
appropriate sites for inland aquaculture in Mexico based on
high resolution satellite images processing. The results are
illustrated for the state of Guerrero, where mountainous
regions prevail and poverty or extreme poverty are present.
The methodology that has been used is amenable to
application in other regions.
2. AQUACULTURE IN MEXICO
Mexico has potential to rely on aquaculture as a means to
assure its food security and to foster rural development by
providing food directly to inhabitants of impoverished
regions where agriculture is still practiced albeit at basic
subsistence types including so called kitchen gardens.
Aquaculture is recognized as important and government
support exists for commercial aquaculture farms and
fisheries. Despite financial and technical support for the
development of aquaculture in marginal areas, support is
scant for rural aquaculture as can be appreciated from a
review of the Mexican National Aquaculture Charter [5].
Increased aid for marginal areas requires information
available to decision makers about the location and
characteristics of potential sites. For example aquaculture
for certain fish species requires shadowed water bodies of
clear water, with sandy or gravel bottoms. Such data
associated to geographically located water bodies are
incomplete, non-existent or not updated.
3. STUDY AREA
Authors Arredondo and Lozano, as cited in [6] have pointed
out that conditioned ponds - reduced size water bodies
including impoundments and small dams - have not been
adequately located in marginal and impoverished regions in
Mexico. This is due to the difficulty of access to regions
where extreme poverty is present and which are located
mostly in mountain areas. Thus we selected as study area the
State of Guerrero in Southern Mexico. This is one of the
most impoverished states in the country. Its extreme
geographic coordinates are Lat 18° 59' 3.58'' N, Long: 102°
20' 4.22'' W; Lat 16° 10' 42.33'' N, Long 97° 43' 45.85'' W.
In many remote and poor areas subsistence agriculture
exists, thus rural aquaculture is feasible in principle, albeit
for auto consumption. The information about agriculture in
remote areas is gathered by government agencies mostly by
traditional surveying -using questionnaires and other ground
based techniques- although use of optical and radar remote
sensing techniques are sure to become more frequent. [7]
Information about water bodies exists at different spatial
levels for the country, but is scarce for deprived or remote
regions [8]. Such is the case of the selected study area
(Figure 1). Partial data from the National Aquaculture
Charter as shown in Table 1 for three states and for
comparison purposes only, concerns one fish species
3830 978-1-5090-3332-4/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE IGARSS 2016