Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 24 (1): 447 - 470 (2016)
ISSN: 0128-7702 © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES
Journal homepage: http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/
Article history:
Received: 15 January 2015
Accepted: 19 May 2015
ARTICLE INFO
E-mail addresses:
kajianakademikft@gmail.com, mfaizalmusa@ukm.edu.my
(Mohd Faizal Musa)
Human Rights Lesson from Selected Malay Proverbs
Mohd Faizal Musa
Institute of the Malay World and Civilization (ATMA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
Human rights culture is relatively new in Malaysia. Thus, locating and unearthing the
values of human dignity from traditional heritage would help to enhance understanding
on modern human rights. An attempt to connect traditional values buried under Malay
proverbs with contemporary sociological indings should be made. In order to make this
attempt successful, George F. Mclean’s formulated framework ‘human rights and the
dialogue of civilizations’, together with the categorisation of Malay proverbs by Syed
Hussein Alatas, was chosen. Mclean’s formulation looks into the needs of civilisations in
dialogue, values and virtues, cultures and traditions and the ontological foundation of the
many faces of humanity. Syed Hussein Alatas’s categorisation of Malay proverbs helps
to select suggestive and ‘reprimandative proverbs’ that contain human rights values. This
essay intends to identify features of human rights in traditional society, and by doing so,
challenges the notion that human rights are a Western product and incompatible with the
culture and religion of Islam.
Keywords: Human rights, cultural relativism, Malay proverbs, universal declaration of human rights
INTRODUCTION
In 1997, Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysian
premier at the time, advised other Asian
countries not to blindly obey the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
due to their lack of Asian values and
their use as a medium of super powers to
discriminate against poor nations. Sufice
to say, Mahathir’s call did not gain as much
support as he had hoped for. A fact that has
always been ignored is that there were also
Muslim and Asian voices present during
the drafting of the UDHR. Among others,
Zafrullah Khan, a Muslim and Wellington
Khoo, a Chinese, both participated in the
discussions. Even though Malaysia, as