Cite as: Buechner, J., Simon, J., and Tavani, H.T. (2014). “ Re-Thinking Trust and Trustworthiness in Digital Environments.” In Autonomous Technologies: Philosophical Issues, Practical Solutions, Human Nature: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Computer Ethics Philosophical Enquiry: CEPE 2013. (Edited by E. Buchanan, et al.). Menomonie, WI: INSEIT, pp. 65-79. Re-Thinking Trust and Trustworthiness in Digital Environments Jeff Buechner Rutgers University Judith Simon University of Vienna, Department of Philosophy, Universitätsstr. 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria: judith.simon@univie.ac.at & Institute of Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlstr. 11, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany: judith.simon@kit.edu Herman T. Tavani Rivier University, 420 Main St., Nashua, NH 03060 USA htavani@rivier.edu Keywords Trust, Trust Relationships, Trustworthiness, Rational Trust, Justified Trust, Artificial Agents Abstract In this paper, we examine the concept of trustworthiness and the role that it plays in trust relationships, both within and outside digital environments. First, we consider and reject the traditional notion of trustworthiness (TW), where TW is a characteristic or property applicable only to the trustee in a trust relationship. We then defend a novel concept of TW, which we argue applies both to the trustor and trustee. Next, we describe a scheme for evaluating the TW of trustors and trustees, both from an epistemic and a moral perspective, via criteria based on rationality and evidence. Finally, we look at the question of TW in the context of AAs. We argue that while humans are capable of entering into various degrees of trust relationships with AAs (depending on factors such as the level of autonomy of the AAs involved), current AAs (no matter how autonomous or sophisticated they may be) are not capable of qualifying as TW in a moral sense but only in an epistemic sense. INTRODUCTION