ELSEVIER Physica B 211 (1995) 208-212
Magnetization studies of the Haldane gap material TMNIN
G.E. Granroth a, L.-K. Chou b, W.W. Kim a, M. Chaparala c, M.J. Naughton d,
E. Haanappel e A. Lacerda e, D. Rickel e, D.R. Talham b, M.W. Meisel a'*
9
a Department of Physics and the Center for Ultralow Temperature Research, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118440, Gainesville,
FL 32611-8440, USA
bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Florida. Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
CNational High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, EL 32306-3016, USA
dDepartment of Physics, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
eNational High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA
Abstract
The magnetization of oriented single crystals of the Haldane gap material (CH3)aN[Ni(NO2)3] , more commonly
known as TMNIN, has been measured using a capacitive platform magnetometer operating in magnetic fields up to 8 T
at temperatures down to 25 inK. In addition, powdered samples have been studied by standard induction techniques in
pulsed fields up to 50 T at 4 K. The results of our preliminary investigations, which probe the anisotropy of the critical
magnetic field, are presented.
In 1989, the high-field magnetization properties of
single crystals of the Haldane gap material known as
NENP, Ni(C2HsN2)2NO2(C10#), were reported [1,2].
For temperatures below the Haldane gap energy
Eg = 0.41J, the non-magnetic Haldane phase yields to
a magnetic high-field phase at a critical field He, where
Eg ~ 14K and Hc ~ 10T for NENP. Anisotropy of Hc
due to various orientations of the external magnetic field
with respect to the crystalline axes arises from imperfect
symmetry in the crystal. In other words, the appropriate
spin Hamiltonian for the system requires terms that
reflect single-ion (D) and orthorhombic (E) anisotropies
and incorporates the v-factor as a tensor, namely
= D ~7 tS~ 2 E ~ [(SX)2 - (S,e) 2]
o ut" -J~Sl"Si+x+ ~ ,, +
i i i
- mZtt.g.s. (1)
i
* Corresponding author.
Different numerical and theoretical treatments have dis-
cussed the effect of an applied magnetic field on the
Haldane gap [3-8].
High-field magnetization work has also been per-
formed [9] on other Haldane gap materials known as
NINAZ, Ni(C3HloN2)2N3(CIO4), and TMNIN,
(CH3),N[Ni(NO2)3]. Using a powder TMNIN sample
cooled to 0.55 K, Takeuchi et al. [9] measured Hc to be
about 2.5 T while saturation magnetization was achieved
at approximately 30 T.
The purpose of this contribution is to present our
preliminary results of high-field magnetization measure-
ments that we have performed on oriented single crystals
of TMNIN. Our main motivation is to establish experi-
mental constraints on the size of the single-ion and or-
thorhombic anisotropies. For completeness and com-
parison, we will present all of our recent results of the
magnetic properties on this material; however, a full
discussion of the results and their implications will be
presented elsewhere.
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