R-matrix analysis of the
14
N(p,γ )
15
O astrophysical S -factor
C. Angulo
a
, A.E. Champagne
b
and H.-P. Trautvetter
c
a
Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Chemin du cyclotron 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
b
The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and TUNL, Durham, NC, USA
c
Institut f¨ ur Experimentalphysik III, Ruhr-Universit¨ at Bochum, Bochum, Germany
14
N(p,γ )
15
O is the slowest reaction of the CNO cycle and thus it regulates stellar energy
production, the flux of CNO neutrinos from the sun, and plays a role in determining the
age of the globular clusters. We present R-matrix fits of the capture data to the ground
state, the 6.79 MeV and the 6.18 MeV states in
15
O from two recent and independent
direct measurements of the
14
N(p,γ )
15
O low-energy cross section, together with previous
data. The results confirm that the rate of the
14
N(p,γ )
15
O reaction is a factor of 2 lower
than previously accepted for temperatures below 0.1 GK. The recommended astrophysical
S-factor at zero energy is S(0) = 1.70 ± 0.07
stat
± 0.10
sys
keV-barn. These results could
increase the age at the main-sequence turnoff by about 0.5-1 Gy, provided that all other
astrophysical parameters are known.
1. INTRODUCTION
The conversion of hydrogen into helium through the p-p chain and the CNO cycle is
the main energy source in stars. The
14
N(p,γ )
15
O reaction is the slowest step in the CNO
cycle, thus regulating the rate of energy generation in massive main-sequence stars and,
consequently, the time scale for their evolution. In addition, the CNO cycle is the main
energy source for lower-mass stars near the end of their main-sequence evolution. The
power liberated and the helium produced by the CNO cycle affect the luminosity on both
the main sequence and horizontal branch and play an important role in determinating
the ages of globular clusters [1]. Although the CNO cycle represents a small part of the
sun’s energy budget, the rate of the
14
N(p,γ )
15
O reaction determines the overall flux of
CNO solar neutrinos. Accordingly, it is important to understand the
14
N(p,γ )
15
O cross
section at low energies.
Among the direct measurements of the
14
N(p,γ )
15
O cross section available in the litera-
ture [2], the results of Schr¨ oder et al. [3] have been largely adopted. However, a reanalysis
[4] of these data in the framework of the R-matrix model [5] resulted in an S-factor that
was 2 times lower than reported by [3] and, consequently, a reaction rate that differed
from the NACRE [2] rates by a factor of about 2 at temperatures below T = 0.15 GK.
In addition, a measurement [6] of the lifetime for the 6.79 MeV state in
15
O resulted in a
value about 15 times smaller than the previous value [3], which also implied a reduction in
the S-factor by about a factor of 2. A direct measurement of the low-energy
14
N(p,γ )
15
O
Nuclear Physics A 758 (2005) 391c–394c
0375-9474/$ – see front matter © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.05.070