I.J. Information Technology and Computer Science, 2015, 06, 38-44 Published Online May 2015 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) DOI: 10.5815/ijitcs.2015.06.05 Copyright © 2015 MECS I.J. Information Technology and Computer Science, 2015, 06, 38-44 Proposal of New PRORISK Model for GSD Projects M. Rizwan Jameel Qureshi, Aysha Albarqi Faculty of Computing & Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Email: anriz@hotmail.com, albarqiaisha@yahoo.com Abstract— The level of complexity and risks associated with software are increasing exponentially because of competing environment especially in geographically distributed projects. Global software development (GSD) face challenges like distance, communication and coordination challenges. The coordination and communication challenges are the main causes of failure in GSD. Project Oriented Risk Management (PRORISK) is one of the models to address the importance of risk management and project management processes in standard software projects. However, existing model is not proposed to handle GSD associated risks. This warrants the proposal of new PRORISK model to manage the risks of GSD. Survey is used as a research design to validate the proposed solution. We anticipate that the proposed solution will help the software companies to cater the risks associated with GSD. Index Terms— Global Software Development, Distributed Projects, Risk Management, Risk Mitigation. I. INTRODUCTION Global Software Development (GSD) is the most recent domain in software engineering [1]. GSD is a software development that is distributed across two or more sites. The sites may be separated by national or continental borders [2] where developing software project across distances is familiar today. The various advantages provided by GSD for organizations that develop software are reduction in marketing time, improvement in quality, reducing cost and increasing productivity. However, GSD faces various challenges that are not exist in the traditional collocated software development project these challenges could be in control, communication and coordination according to socio-cultural, geographical and temporal distance [1]. The classification of these challenges is mentioned in [2] and these challenges must overcome to take advantages of GSD. Agile software development has gained too much interest in last several years due to its flexible approach towards managing requirements, fostering of close collaboration between developers and customers, and frequent and early and reduced risks about failure of software. Agile methods are proposed assuming co- located development teams while GSD assumes distributed teams. Practitioners are adapting agile practices to GSD to take advantages of both methods. Scrum method is gaining more attention and it is extensively practiced in GSD projects as compared to the other agile methods [1]. Geographically distributed teams work with shared purpose across space, time, and organizational boundaries and use technology to communicate and collaborate [1]. Software development is complex and risky by its nature. Complexity and risks are further increased in GSD projects. Risks are the possibility of loss where software development projects are full of risks, survey paper show that 15 to 35 percentages of software development projects have been canceled halfway because of risks whereas the rest of the project cannot achieve the desired objectives or not extended beyond the budget. It is suggested that 90% risks can be avoided if the risk management process is applied on projects [3]. Some risks are called dangerous or deadly risks and if deadly risks penetrate into project may affect or fail a project. Software project risk is process of software project development due to cost, quality, and environmental uncertainties impact. All of these potential risks need to be managed to guarantee the success of software project development. A huge number of statistics demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing risk management in development process of software project which this management process leads to reduce losses as possible. The process of management risks in software accomplished by team of project management through the identification, quantification, and control of risks, with using a several management tools, techniques, and methods [3]. Global software development (GSD) projects are accompanied with both opportunities and challenges. GSD faces numerous management challenges like coordination and communication and it is hard to implement risk management. There is pressing need of an efficient risk management model to identify, plan and control risks of GSD to solve the software industry problem. Many software development projects miss their goals of delivering acceptable software products within agreed constraints of time, budget and quality due to lack of effective software risk management process. There are many models to manage risks such as Bany Boehm theory, MSF Risk Management Model, CMMI (Software Capability Maturity Model Integration), IEEE risk management standards, SEI‘s (Software Engineering Institution) continuous risk management (CRM) model, Softrisk risk management model and PRORISK Project Oriented Risk Management model [3]. PRORISK is one