Physica B 184 (1993) 268-276
North-Holland
PHYSICA
High magnetic field studies of the crossed-gap superlattice
system InAs/GaSb
R.J. Nicholas a, K.S.H. Dalton a, M. Lakrimi a, C. Lopez a, R.W. Martin a, N.J. Mason a
G.M. Summers ~, G.M. Sundaram a, D.M. Symons a, P.J. Walker", R.J. Warburton ",
M~I, Erements b, D.J. Barne_s ~, N, Miura~ 1, Van Bock sta_!d, R, Bogaert.~ d and
F. He_rlach ~
"Physics Department, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, UK
bHigh Pressure Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Russian Federation
Clnstitute for Solid State Physics, Tokyo University, Japan
aPhysics Department, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium
A variety of optical and electrical studies are described for superlattices and heterostructures based on the materials
system InAs/GaSb. The crossed-band-gap alignment of this system leads to a semimetal to semiconductor transition as a
function of either superlattice period, magnetic field or pressure. Cyclotron resonance is studied for both electrons and
holes, and the electron resonance is observed in the magnetic field range where the field induced band crossing occurs.
Studies of the pressure dependence of the band offset show that both (1 1 1)A and (I00) oriented structures have a
pressure coefficient of 10.7 meV/kbar, but the band crossing at zero pressure is larger for the (1 1 1)A case. Compensated
quantum Hall plateaux are observed at high magnetic fields and low temperatures, and large oscillatory features are
observed in the Hall voltage under a range of conditions. In very high fields we have observed the zero-resistance Hall
plateaux occurring due to total compensation of the electron and hole states.
1. Introduction
Superlattices and heterostructures grown from
the material combination InAs/GaSb have long
been known (for a review see Chang [1]) to
possess the unusual and interesting property of a
crossed-band-gap alignment, in which the top of
the valence band of the GaSb rises above the
conduction band edge in the InAs. This allows
the system to become bipolar, with the simulta-
neous presence of 2-D gases of both holes and
electrons. A number of interesting properties
result, including the observation of compensated
quantum Hall plateaux [2]. The early structures
studied were all grown by MBE [3,4] and were
shown to have electron-to-hole population ratios
of around 4:1 [2,5], which meant that the struc-
Correspondence to: R.J. Nicholas, Physics Department,
Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, Parks Road, Ox-
ford OX1 3PU, UK.
tures were still far from the intrinsic limit (40%
intrinsic carriers). In our recent works [6-8] we
have shown that by using improved MOCVD
growth, structures can be achieved with an 80%
intrinsic carrier population (n: p of 3 : 2). The
carrier densities and band crossing could also be
increased by the growth of structures on (1 1 1)A
and B oriented substrates, where the in-built
strain in the structures leads to additional
piezoelectric fields. These advances have led to a
number of new features which will be described
below.
2. The semiconductor-to-semimetal transition
The basic semiconductor-to-semirnetal transi-
tion can be seen in the plots of fig. 1, which
shows the Hall carrier concentration per period,
n = 1 ~eRrs, measured at 4.2 K in low fields, for a
series of superlattices as a function of period
0921-4526/93/$06.00 © 1993 - Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. All rights reserved