BioMetals 12: 347–352, 1999.
© 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.
347
Effect of zinc administration on thyrotropin releasing hormone-stimulated
prolactinemia in healthy men
Ana Val´ eria B. Castro
1
, Berenice B. Mendonça
2
, Walter Bloise
2
, Tadao Shuhama
3
& Jos´ e Brandão-Neto
*4
1
Unidade de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Faculdade de Medicina, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
2
Unidade de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
3
Laborat´ orio de Qu´ ımica Anal´ ıtica, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
4
Unidade de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Sa´ ude, UnB, Bras´ ılia, DF, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence (E-mail: jbn@brnet.com.br.)
Received 22 July 1999; accepted 5 August 1999
Key words: zinc tolerance test, thyrotropin tolerance test, prolactin secretion, healthy men
Abstract
Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated zinc (Zn
++
) inhibition of basal and of potassium (K
+
) or thyrotropin-
releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated prolactin (PRL) secretion, in a selective, reversible, and dose-dependent
manner. Thus, Zn
++
may regulate physiologically pituitary PRL secretion. Furthermore, studies with patients with
uremia, cirrhosis or prolactinoma, have shown the coexistence of hypozincemia and hyperprolactinemia and zinc
supplementation did not correct hyperprolactinemia in these patients. In normal individuals Zn
++
administration
produced controversial results on PRL secretion. Here, we investigated whether zinc administration affects TRH-
stimulated PRL in healthy men. We found that Zn
++
administration does not change the TRH-stimulated PRL.
Therefore, in normal conditions, Zn
++
does not inhibit TRH-stimulated prolactinemia. In addition, we found that
acute increases of blood PRL and TRH do not alter blood Zn
++
levels.
Introduction
Zn
++
is virtually present in all tissues, including the
brain, hypothalamus and pituitary (Vallee et al. 1993).
LaBella et al. (1973) have shown that Zn
++
within
bovine hypothalamic extracts inhibited in a dose-
dependent manner PRL pituitary secretion, which was
later confirmed by Login et al. (1983). In addition,
Judd et al. (1984) and Cooper et al. (1987) found that
Zn
++
reversibly inhibited PRL secretion stimulated
by TRH and K
+
, respectively. Based on these findings,
Koppelman (1988) proposed the hypothesis that Zn
++
and PRL were involved in a negative feedback regula-
tory loop, similar to the one that exists for parathyroid
hormone (PTH) and calcium (Ca
++
).
There are few in vivo studies about Zn
++
and
PRL relationship, which resulted in controversial re-
sults. In rats, hypozincemia was associated to normal
(Root et al. 1979), high (Mansour et al. 1989) or
low plasma PRL levels (Hafiez et al. 1989). In hu-
mans, hypozincemia and hyperprolactinemia were ob-
served in patients with hepatic cirrhosis (Morley et al.
1981), uremia (Caticha et al. 1996), prolactinoma
(Madureira et al. 1993, 1999) and idiopathic hyper-
prolactinemia (Koppelman et al. 1989). Mahajan et
al. (1985) reported that normalization of zincemia
in uremic patients supplemented with Zn
++
reduced
their prolactinemia levels. However, these results were
contrasted with other studies (Nishi et al. 1988; Kop-
pelman et al. 1989; Travaglini et al. 1989; Bonomini
et al. 1993).
The objectives of the present study were to investi-
gate the effect of acute Zn
++
administration on TRH-
stimulated PRL secretion, and, inversely, the effect of
acute increment of TRH and PRL on zincemia.