Introduction
Avulsion fracture of the intercondylar eminence at the in-
sertion of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the bony
equivalent of a ligamentous rupture. This mode of ACL
failure is mostly seen in children and adolescents [1].
However, these fractures are observed with increasing fre-
quency in adults [6, 8, 16, 17]. Satisfactory reduction is
essential to prevent nonunion or malunion of a fracture,
which in turn can cause persistent problems such as knee
pain, loss of extension, and laxity of the ACL [9, 12, 22].
The management of fractures is uncomplicated and
straightforward when they are minimally displaced. How-
ever, the treatment of displaced and complete separation
fractures has been controversial, and there is no common
agreement about reduction and fixations of these frac-
tures. The various modes of reduction and fixation pro-
posed for these fractures have generally resulted in con-
siderable morbidity [8, 17, 18, 22]. The application of
arthroscopic techniques to fracture treatment has ex-
panded during the past decade, but these modes of treat-
ment are not without limits, which are related to technical
difficulty and unstable fixation [3, 9, 11, 13, 15, 19, 20].
This report describes a new technique of arthroscopic
reduction and antegrade cannulated screw fixation of dis-
placed intercondylar eminence of tibia fractures.
Materials and methods
Twelve patients were reviewed who underwent arthroscopic fixa-
tion of displaced tibial spine fracture at our department between
February 1995 and February 1998. Ten were children (9–14 years
old), one an adolescent (17 years old), and one an adult (21 years
old; mean age 14 years and 3 months). Seven were male and five
were female. The left knee was involved in seven and the right in
five. All of the patients had a fresh injury and were seen within 10
days after the trauma. Routine radiography of the knees showed
the fractures of the intercondylar eminence of the tibias; these
were classified according to the system proposed by Myers and
McKeever [16, 17], which is a three-type classification scheme
based on the degree of fracture displacement. Type III (n=7) and
unreduced type II (n=5) fractures of the intercondylar eminence
were reduced and fixated with antegrade cannulated screws by us-
ing a new arthroscopic technique.
Abstract We describe a new tech-
nique for arthroscopic reduction and
internal fixation of fractures of the
intercondylar eminence of the tibia.
In this technique cannulated screws
are placed through a new portal
(transquadricipital tendinous) instead
of anteromedial arthroscopic portal.
Twelve patients who were treated with
this technique for displaced types II
and III fractures of the intercondylar
eminence of the tibia were reviewed
after a mean of 49 months. At fol-
low-up all patients had excellent or
good results, without any case of
nonunion of the fracture or related
complications, such as functional in-
stability. Placement of cannulated
screws through transquadricipital
tendinous portal achieves fragment
reduction easily, provides rigid fixa-
tion while avoiding arthrotomy, al-
lowing early mobilization and return
to activity.
Keywords Fracture · Intercondylar
eminence · Arthroscopy · Technique ·
Fixation
KNEE
Knee Surg, Sports Traumatol, Arthrosc
(2001) 9 : 346–349
DOI 10.1007/s001670100235
M. Nedim Doral
Ö. Ahmet Atay
Gürsel Leblebiciog ˘lu
Onur Tetik
Arthroscopic fixation of the fractures
of the intercondylar eminence
via transquadricipital tendinous portal
Received: 5 February 2001
Accepted: 25 May 2001
Published online: 26 July 2001
© Springer-Verlag 2001
M.N. Doral (✉) · Ö.A. Atay ·
G. Leblebiciog ˘lu · O. Tetik
Departments of Orthopaedics
and Traumatology,
Hacettepe University Medical Center,
06100 Ankara, Turkey
e-mail: mn-doral@bi.net.tr,
Tel.: +90-312-305 1793,
Fax: +90-312-490 5133