Erik Lindberg, Tommy Giirling, and
Henry Montgomery
Belief-Value Structures as Determinants of
Consumer Behaviour: A Study of Housing
Preferences and Choices
ABSTRACT. The role of consumers' belief-value structures was investigated in the
context of residential preferences and simulated residential choices by means of'a
questionnaire answered by 36 adult Swedish respondents. Three models with
different assumptions concerning how beliefs about the attainment of life values
affect consumer behaviour were used for predicting preferences for and choices
among hypothetical housing alternatives. A model assuming that the evaluation of a
given alternative is determined by a weighted sum of the evaluations of the life
values which it is believed to lead to, without specifying how individual attributes
contribute to this value-fulfillment, was found to be the most successful one in
predicting both preference ratings and choices. The results further suggested that
whereas the age of the respondents and the format of the information about
attributes may have an effect on belief-value structures, the ability to use such
structures in order to predict preferences and choices may not be much affected by
these factors. The present approach was compared with the laddering technique,
and it was suggested that the two methods may be fruitfully combined in the study
of consumer attitudes and behaviour.
In recent years, investigators in the area of consumer research have
become increasingly interested in the study of consumers' cognitive
structures as a means of developing a useful understanding of
consumer attitudes and behaviour (e.g., Gutman, 1984; Olson &
Reynolds, 1983). One way in which such cognitive structures could
be conceptualized is suggested by the expectancy-value model which
has been widely used in the study of motivation, attitudes, and
actions (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980; Atkinson & Birch, 1970, 1974;
Feather, 1982). According to this model, a consumer's attitude and
behaviour with respect to a particular product or brand would be
largely determined by his/her beliefs about what the consequences of
purchasing the product would be and by his/her evaluation of those
consequences.
Expectancy-value formulations of attitudes have however been
criticized on the ground that the evaluative aspect is itself an attitude
Journal of Consumer Policy 12:119--137, 1989.
© 1989 KluwerAcademic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.