EACR-23 Poster Sessions / European Journal of Cancer 50, Suppl. 5 (2014) S23–S242 S231 For PCas diagnosed prior to 1995, the SIR for a second primary tumour was 1.05 (0.98–1.12), whereas it was 1.17 (1.10–1.25) for those diagnosed from 1995 onwards. To assess diagnostic activity we performed a sensitivity analysis excluding those PCa men with follow-up <6 months, which resulted in a SIR for a second primary tumour of 1.03 (0.97–1.08). Statistically significant SIRs >1.5 were observed for cancer of oesophagus, colon, gallbladder, pancreas, bladder, melanoma, brain, thyroid, non-hodgkin, and leukemia. Conclusion: In the Canton of Zurich, there was an increased risk of second primary cancers among men with PCa compared to the general population. Increased diagnostic activity after PCa diagnosis may partly explain increased risks within the first years of diagnosis, but our time-stratified analyses indicated that these increased risks remained and even increased over time. These observations suggest a need for careful management of prostate cancer survivors. No conflict of interest. 947 Italianity is associated with lower risk of prostate cancer mortality in Switzerland A. Richard 1 , D. Faeh 1 , S. Rohrmann 1 , J. Braun 1 , S. Tarnutzer 1 , M. Bopp 1 . 1 University of Zurich, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Z¨ urich, Switzerland Background: Different prostate cancer mortality rates observed in European countries may depend on cultural background. We aimed to explore variation in prostate cancer mortality in the language regions of Switzerland as a function of ‘Italianity’, a proxy for adherence to an Italian lifestyle. Methods: We used data of the Swiss National Cohort, a census-based record linkage study, consisting of census (1990 and 2000) and mortality (until 2008) data. 1,163,271 Swiss and Italian nationals 40+ years old were included. Multivariate age-standardized prostate cancer mortality rates and hazard ratios (HR) from Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were performed. Italianity was defined by an individual’s nationality, place of birth, and principal language, resulting in a score of 0 to 3 points. Results: Age-standardized prostate cancer mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) were lowest in the Italian-speaking region of Switzerland (66.7 vs. 87.3 in the German-speaking region). Both Italian nationality and/or place of birth were significantly associated with lower mortality. There was a graded inverse association between mortality rates and increasing Italianity score. Individuals with the highest level of Italianity had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.67 (95% CI 0.59–0.76) compared to those with an Italianity score of zero. Results were similar when looking at language regions separately. Conclusions: The strong and consistent association between Italianity and prostate cancer mortality suggests protective properties of an Italian lifestyle. Further research is required in order to determine which factors specific for Italian culture are responsible for the lower prostate cancer mortality. No conflict of interest. 948 Genetic variants of susceptibility in second primary esophageal cancer patients E. Boldrin 1 , E. Rumiato 1 , M. Fassan 2 , M. Rugge 2 , M. Cagol 3 , V. Chiarion- Sileni 4 , A. Ruol 5 , M. Gusella 6 , A. Amadori 5 , D. Saggioro 1 . 1 Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Padova, Italy, 2 University of Padova, Department of Medicine Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology, Padova, Italy, 3 Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Oncological Surgery, Padova, Italy, 4 Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Medical Oncology, Padova, Italy, 5 University of Padova, Department of Surgical Sciences Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova, Italy, 6 Rovigo General Hospital ULSS18, Department of Oncology, Rovigo, Italy Background: The occurrence of second primary cancers in long-survivors is considered as a late sequela of the previous radio-chemotherapeutic treatment, and it has become an important concern in oncology. Susceptibility studies have traditionally focused on age, sex, and type of primary cancer. However, more recently, also host genetic background has begun to be considered. We investigated the presence of possible genetic risk factors in patients who developed a second primary esophageal carcinoma after radio-chemotherapy for prior lymphoma or breast cancer. Material and Method: Among patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 1990 and 2012, we selected 29 patients with a past history of lymphoma (n = 19) or breast cancer (n = 10). As controls, we gathered two groups of patients: 32 patients who had a comparable medical history, except for esophageal cancer (18 post-lymphoma and 14 post-breast cancer), and 60 patients with sporadic esophageal carcinoma, matched also for histotype. DNA was extracted either from FFPE sections of normal samples or from total blood using an automated DNA extractor. Six variants in the NER or BER pathway genes: (ERCC1 rs3212986, ERCC1 rs11615, XPD rs13181, XPD rs1799793, XRCC1 rs25487, XRCC3 rs861539), and the GSTP1 rs1695, P53 rs1042522, MDM2 rs2279744 were analyzed. Genotyping was conducted by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)-PCR method followed by gel electrophoresis. Non-parametric Mann–Whitney U and two-tailed Fisher’s exact tests were used for the comparison of continuous and categorical data, respectively. Genotype frequency and association with risk were calculated with SNPStats software. Results and Discussion: The second primary tumor group, that consisted of 29 long-survival patients was compared with two separate control groups. We first compared it with a control group that includes 32 long-survival patients who, after a comparable therapeutic treatment and follow-up interval were tumor-free. None of the studied variants showed a statistically significant correlation with risk. However, when we evaluated their combined effect, we found that the co-presence of the ERCC1 rs11615 C allele and the MDM2 rs2279744 G allele correlated with an increased risk of second primary esophageal cancer (OR: 10.20, 95% CI: 1.13–92.08). The possible relevance of this genetic combination was strengthened by the fact that it lost its significance when we likened the case group with the second control group of sporadic esophageal cancer patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest that variants in the ERCC1 and MDM2 genes might modulate the risk of a second primary esophageal tumor in patients treated with radio-chemotherapy. It will be interesting to determine if they are tumor-specific or they are also associated to the onset of other types of second tumor. No conflict of interest. 949 Melatonin secretion in patients with breast cancer associated with primary hypertension A. Tavartkiladze 1 , G. Simonia 1 . 1 Georgian Cancer Research Center, Medical Oncology and Internal Medicine, Tbilisi, Georgia Objective: A number of experimental studies showed that melatonin, the main hormone of the pineal gland, exhibits chronobiological, anticancer and antihypertensive effects. It has been also known that endogenous lithium has similar chronobiological effect. The study was aimed to estimate melatonin secretion and serum levels of endogenous lithium in patients with breast cancer and concomitant primary arterial hypertension. Design and Methods: A total of 18 patients (aged from 37 to 64 years) with breast cancer and concomitant primary arterial hypertension (stage I by Joint National Committee) were studied. Control group was represented by 16 patients (aged from 34 to 69 years) with the same stage of breast cancer. Plasma levels of melatonin were estimated by liquid chromatography, serum levels of endogenous lithium were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: Our results showed that plasma melatonin levels in patients with concomitant hypertension was almost 20 times lower (0.11±0.06 pcg/ml) than in control group (2.3±0.38 pcg/ml, p < 0.01). While serum level of endogenous lithium in patients from control group (0.8±0.03 mmol/l) was within the normal range (0.5−1.2 mmol/l), its serum level in patients with both cancer and hypertension was about ten times lower (0.07±0.03 mmol/l, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Melatonin plasma levels and serum concentration of endogenous lithium significantly decrease in patients with breast cancer and arterial hypertension. Taking into consideration that both melatonin and endogenous lithium are chronobiologically active substances, we suggest that disturbances in circadian rhythm might contribute to the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension in patients with breast cancer. No conflict of interest. 950 Intake and potential cancer risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with traditional grilled meat consumption in Iran R. Ahmadkhaniha 1 , N. Rastkari 2 , M. Zare Jeddi 2 , M. Yunesian 2 , M. Es’haghi Gorji 3 , M. Moazzen 3 . 1 Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Human Ecology School of Public Health, Teheran, Iran, 2 Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Center for Air Pollution Research (Capr) Institute for Environmental Research (Ier), Teheran, Iran, 3 Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health, Teheran, Iran Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of fused ring aromatic compounds that are formed during the incomplete combustion of organic material. Recent epidemiological studies have revealed that dietary exposure to PAHs is associated with an increased risk of some human cancers. PAHs represent an important class of carcinogens, there is a great concern about their presence in the food. Since grilled meat are popular both at home and in restaurants, these foods may present a health risk to the population due to higher concentrations of carcinogens found in such products in comparison to foods prepared by alternative cooking methods. Grilled meat products which traditionally named ‘Kabab’ represent a significant part of the human diet in Iran. They are important because of their good taste, high nutritional value, high level of production and large variety of products.