DSM-IV and the South Oaks Gambling Screen:
Diagnosing and Assessing Pathological Gambling
in Turkey
Ibrahim Duvarci
Azmi Varan
Hakan Coskunol
Mehmet A. Ersoy
Ege University Medical School Psychiatry Department
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the DSM-IV diag-
nostic criteria and the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) in identifying Turkish
pathological gamblers. Fifty-nine subjects participated in the study. The subjects were
diagnosed as either pathological gamblers or not (comparison group) through the use
of the DSM-IV criteria and were given the Turkish version of the SOGS. Four of the ten
DSM-IV criteria were found to be problematic in the diagnosis of Turkish pathological
gamblers. The data concerning reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the
SOGS suggested that the SOGS can be used as a reliable and valid instrument in identi-
fying Turkish pathological gamblers. Most (16 out of 20) of the items of the SOGS
appear to work well in discriminating pathological gamblers from the subjects in the
comparison group. In the case of the two DSM-IV criteria and the four SOGS items
that failed to discriminate, cultural factors seemed to be responsible for the failure.
INTRODUCTION
Although the personal and social damage caused by gambling has
been known for centuries, pathological gambling has been officially
recognised as a diagnosable mental disorder only since 1980. The
Address correspondence to Ibrahim Duvarci, MD, Ege Universitesi, Tip Fakultesis, Psikiyatri
Anabilim Dali, 35100-Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
Journal of Gambling Studies Vol. 13(3), Fall 1997
© 1997 Human Sciences Press, Inc. 193