AIJSTPME (2009) 2(2): 35- 42
© King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Press, Bangkok, Thailand 35
From the nominal model to a model of manufactured parts in a CAD context
Vignat F.
G-SCOP Laboratory, University of Grenoble, France
Villeneuve F.
G-SCOP Laboratory, University of Grenoble, France
Kamalinejad M.
G-SCOP Laboratory, University of Grenoble, France
Abstract
Product design today mainly involves CAD software’s. In this context, the designers create a nominal model of
the product and the process. Mainly, simulation and assessment are made based on this model. In this paper a
model of the manufactured i.e. a model with deviation defects is proposed, the MMP model. One utilisation of
the MMP is then presented, the functional tolerance analysis. This analysis is presented from the modelling of
the tolerance by a virtual gauge to the numerical resolution by a Monte-Carlo simulation.
Keywords: Tolerance, Manufacturing and Simulation
1 Introduction
Product design today mainly involves CAD
softwares. In this context, designers create a nominal
model of the product and the process. On one hand,
the simulations of the product behaviour (FEA,
Kinematics …) are performed using this nominal
model so that we can say that these are nominal
simulations. On the other hand, the product will not
be manufactured similar to this model. The
manufacturing process chosen to produce the parts
will generate deviations that will change the
behaviour of the product in term of performance
expectations. Therefore, it is necessary to predict this
loss of performance and limit deviations in order to
keep them in the acceptable range. The limitation of
the deviations is usually done through functional
specifications.
It is therefore necessary to have, in the CAD
environment, additional information about the
manufacturing of the part. To answer this question,
we propose a 3D model of manufactured parts
(MMP) [1], based on the nominal CAD model, where
deviations are described relative to the surfaces of the
nominal part by the way of a small displacement
torsor. These deviations are determined by simulation
of the manufacturing process[2][3]. The MMP
obtained contains information about the
manufacturing process: the process plan, the
elementary defects by the way of parameters, the
combination of these defects and their range of
variation by the way of constraints.
This MMP model can then be used to analyze the
impact of the production process proposed on the
functional tolerances of the part. It is also possible to
assemble number of MMP to evaluate the behaviour
of a system in terms of functional requirement that
must comply.
In the present paper we propose to remind the MMP
structure, the defects determination and the process
simulation. The modelling of functional tolerances as
virtual gauges is presented and. the description of the
process plan (set-up, positioning and manufactured
surfaces) is reminded. An analysis method, applied to
functional tolerances and/or to functional
requirements, I then exposed. It uses the parameters
of the Model of Manufactured Parts combined to a
Monte Carlo simulation of the parameters variation.