Certify- A Characterization and Validation Tool for Behavioral
Models
Weifeng Li
University of Arkansas
wxl002@uark.edu
Omair Abbasi
University of Arkansas
omair.abbasi@gmail.com
Naveed S. Hingora
University of Arkansas
nhingor@uark.edu
Yongfeng Feng
University of Arkansas
yfeng@uark.edu
H. A. Mantooth
University of Arkansas
mantooth@uark.edu
ABSTRACT
Device modeling plays an important role in VLSI circuit design
because computer-aided circuit analysis results are only as
accurate as the models used. This indicates a need for robust
tools that can facilitate the testing, validation and
characterization procedure of semiconductor device models.
Certify, the graphical tool for model characterization and
validation, is a step in this direction [1]. The software
architecture and different modules of Certify have been
described in this paper.
1. INTRODUCTION
As semiconductor devices scale into the nanometer range, the
fabrication process of these device structures becomes more
time consuming and expensive. As a result, modeling is having
an increasingly important role, as one can perform simulations
much faster with much less cost, and different device
geometries can be investigated before their actual fabrication.
Writing a model which can accurately depict the characteristics
of a real device is a challenging task. An efficient model should
not only include the device characteristics in normal conditions
of operation but should also be able to accurately depict the
device behavior under worst case conditions such as high
temperature ranges, extreme conditions etc. There are various
programming languages in which such models can be written.
They can be written in popular programming languages such as
C and C++. Models for most popular circuit simulator SPICE
(and its variants), are written in C. A second choice is writing
these models in Hardware Description Languages (HDLs). The
syntax of HDLs is easier to understand as they deal specifically
with the problems of describing hardware. Various HDLs are
available today for different purposes. VHDL and Verilog were
invented to describe digital systems. Then came MAST [2],
VHDL-AMS [3] and Verilog-AMS [4] which are used to
describe analog and mixed–signal systems. Though HDLs
simplified the model creation process significantly, the modeler
still had no escape from customs and practices of coding and
debugging [1].
Writing a model solves just half of the problem. The other half
is testing, characterizing and validating the model. The process
of extracting the optimum values of model parameters is called
model characterization. Once the model is characterized it has
to be validated by simulating it under various test conditions
and then comparing the results with the results of actual device.
Modelers greatly feel the need for a tool which can facilitate the
whole characterization and validation process. This paper
describes a software tool called Certify that is specifically
designed to fulfill this need. Certify reads semiconductor
device models written in the Common Model eXchange (CMX)
language in order to test and characterize them [5][6]. The
modeling tool Paragon was developed as a graphical editor for
this format [7]. In addition, different hardware description
languages such as Verilog-A, Verilog-AMS, VHDL-AMS, or
MAST can be converted to CMX using the commercial version
of Paragon, ModLyng tool of Lynguent, Inc [8]. Using Certify,
a user can work in a virtual test bench environment. Virtual test
benches can be added and deleted in a highly user friendly
Graphical User Interface (GUI). Experiments for each test
bench can be defined and whole recipes can be saved. Certify
has an in-built optimizer that can be used to optimize the model
parameters and thus, characterize the model.
2. CERTIFY
Certify UI consists of a test-bench editor, an experiment editor,
analyses dialogs, and an optimizer dialog. It is fully integrated
with Saber Simulator [9] and partially integrated with Virtual
Test Bed (VTB) simulator [10]. Certify makes calls to
ModLyng to extract the model information in CMX format.
The elaborator module of Certify calls the appropriate
simulator in order to test and characterize the desired model.
Figure 1 shows a brief overview of how the different
components of Certify interact with ModLyng and the
simulators. The following sections describe each component in
further detail.
978-1-4244-1567-0/07/$25.00 © 2007 IEEE 40