Arch Gynecol Obstet (2007) 276:85–86 DOI 10.1007/s00404-006-0306-0 123 CASE REPORT Diagnosis of uteroperitoneal Wstula through color Doppler hysterosonography Hélio Antonio Guimarães Filho · Lavoisier Linhares Dias da Costa · Edward Araujo Júnior · Sebastião Marques Zanforlin Filho · Cláudio Rodrigues Pires · Luciano M. M. Nardozza · Rosiane Mattar Received: 21 October 2006 / Accepted: 7 December 2006 / Published online: 12 January 2007  Springer-Verlag 2006 Abstract Introduction Uterine Wstulas are infrequent patho- logic entities characterized by abnormal communica- tion of the uterus with any other organ or structure through a perforation formed due to traumatic and infectious conditions among others. The use of hyster- osonography as method of diagnosis for that patho- logic entity has few descriptions in medical literature. MEDLINE search resulted in only two cases reporting the use of HS in the diagnosis of uterine Wstula. Objective Our objective is to report a case of utero- peritoneal Wstula caused by uterine trauma during curettage, diagnosed by color Doppler hysterosonogr- phy. The importance of our report lies on HS as a sim- ple, safe and low cost method, which can be used for the diagnosis of Wstulous processes involving the uterus. Keywords Uterus · Fistula · Hysterosonography Introduction Uterine Wstulas are infrequent pathologic entities and characterized by abnormal communication of the uterus with any other organ or structure through a perforation formed due to traumatic and infectious conditions, among others [1–3]. The use of hysteroso- nography (HS) as method of diagnosis for that patho- logic entity has few descriptions in medical literature. MEDLINE search resulted in only two cases reporting the use of HS in the diagnosis of uterine Wstula [1, 2]. Our objective is to report a case of uteroperitoneal Wstula caused by a uterine trauma during curettage, after spontaneous abortion. Case report A 32-year-old woman went through uterine curettage, due to incomplete abortion in the Wrst trimester, 5 months before. After the curettage, the patient reported the return of the menstrual cycle associated to intense dysmenorrhea, hypermenorrhea, and low fever during her following periods. During these months she performed two transvaginal sonographies that showed an irregular anechoic in the fundic myometrial region, having the suspicion initially of gestational trophoblas- tic neoplasia, that soon was discarded through B-Hcg exam. Two other suspicions has been uterine Wstula provoked by curettage in that region or venous–arte- rial Wstula. Doppler sonography has been not per- formed in the exams. During this time the patient was medicated only with non-steroid antiinXammatory. She was referred to our service to perform a HS in order to evaluate the uterus and its cavity. H. A. Guimarães Filho · L. L. D. da Costa ECOCLÍNICA, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil S. M. Zanforlin Filho · C. R. Pires Ultrasound Training Center of Sao Paulo (CETRUS), São Paulo, Brazil H. A. Guimarães Filho · E. Araujo Júnior · C. R. Pires · L. M. M. Nardozza · R. Mattar Sao Paulo’s School of Medicine (Unifesp/EPM), Obstetrics Department of Sao Paulo’s Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil H. A. Guimarães Filho (&) Rua Reinaldo Tavares de Melo, 142, Apto. 901—Manaíra, CEP 58038-300, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil e-mail: helioagf@ig.com.br