Utilizing Satellite Systems for Mobile Communications: An Emerging Approach BASIL M. AL-KASASBEH Faculty of Information Technology Applied Science University P.O. Box: 926296, Amman 11931 JORDAN b_kasasbeh@asu.edu.jo RAFA E. AL-QUTAISH AND MOHAMMAD I. MUHAIRAT Department of Software Engineering Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan P.O. Box: 130, Amman 11733 JORDAN rafa@ieee.org, mohmuhaba14@yahoo.com Abstract: - The future trends of technologies are to achieve all systems in an integrated global one that offers all the services in a simple way. The proposed mobile communications over satellite is an advanced technology that used the facilities and benefits of both systems to achieve competitive services. The proposed system concentrated on a global system that served the entire world and gives some specialization and privacy for each country. This paper attempts to show how to implement mobile communications over satellite systems in an efficient, flexible, and cost-effective manner. Key-Words: - Satellite Systems, Mobile Communications, Cellular Mobile, Global Extra Communication System (GECS), Local Intra Communication System (LICS) 1 Introduction The first artificial satellite has been launched into its orbit around the earth by the Russians in 1957. That satellite was called Sputnik 1, and it announced the beginning of an era. The United States, which was behind the Russians, made all efforts to catch up, and launched Score in 1958, and it was the first satellite with the primary purpose of communications. The Sputnik 1 was putted into orbit around Earth and was therefore in geocentric orbit. By far this is the most common type of orbit with approximately 2456 artificial satellites orbiting the Earth. Geocentric orbits may be further classified by their altitude, that is, inclination and eccentricity [1]. The commonly used altitude classifications are Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) and High Earth Orbit (HEO). Low Earth orbit is any orbit below 2000 km, and Medium Earth Orbit is any orbit higher than 2000 km but still below the altitude for geosynchronous orbit which is at 35786 km. High Earth Orbit is any orbit higher than the altitude for geosynchronous orbit [2]. Internet, cellular mobiles, satellites, phones and other communications systems construct the main foundations of globalization that make the whole world as a small village. However, satellites can be divided into five principal types [2]: 1. Research. 2. Communications. 3. Weather, 4. Navigational. 5. Applications. The growing of the number of mobile users shown in Figure 1 indicates that it reached to 50% of the population during 2007. Consequently, Figure 2 shows the forecasting of population growth which indicates that in 2020 the world population will reach about 7.6 billions; this means a huge number of mobile users. Recent years show a huge increment of world population, these needs more communications services, and so huge investments spend in this field to accomplish these needs. This will be a challenge to find new media and systems to cover this growth [3, 4]. Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS Int. Conf. on ELECTRONICS, HARDWARE, WIRELESS and OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS ISSN: 1790-5117 39 ISBN: 978-960-474-053-6