212 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford, UK PAFO Pacific Focus 0000-0000 0000-0000 © 2008 Center for International Studies, Inha University 011 10.1111/j.0000-0000.2008.00011.x June 2008 0 212??? 231??? Original Articles Chinese Nationalism and Foreign Policy AUTHORS RUNNING HEAD: Pacific Focus Chinese Nationalism and Sino –Japanese Relations Jing-Dong Yuan Contemporary Chinese nationalism has its roots in the country’s nation- building and identity-forming movements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that sought to establish China’s place in the community of nations. Today, nationalism in China can be characterized as falling into two major categories. On the one hand, there is nationalism embedded in patriotism with great pride in China’s civilization, major achievements, and confidence in the country’s future in embracing and meeting the challenges of globalization. On the other hand, there is the sentimental nationalism that reacts to what is perceived as injustice and insult done to China and has a strong victim mentality. The domestic discourse of nationalism can be influenced by government propaganda, intellectual debates, populous display of emotion and repulsion, or a mixture of all three. As China continues to grow in economic power and political influence, how nationalism is handled can have a significant impact on relations with its neighbors and beyond. Key words: Chinese nationalism, Chinese foreign policy, Sino– Japanese relations. New waves of Chinese nationalism have been stirred up by the disruption of the Olympic torch relay around the world, and the inflammatory remarks by CNN commentator Jack Cafferty and the perceived biased reporting by the network, including calls for boycotting the French supermarket chain stores Carrefour and demands for an apology from CNN. This rising nationalism has drawn renewed attention to an issue that has long been the focus of China watchers in both the academic and policy-making commu- nities. Will a rising China be a force of stability, as leaders in Beijing would insist, or will the growing nationalist sentiments affect Chinese foreign policy in ways that could be seen as highly destabilizing and worst still, threatening? The immediate academic and policy-making attention has been triggered by these and earlier events in China, such as the strong outpouring of Pacific Focus, Vol. XXIII, No. 2 (August 2008), 212–231. doi: 10.1111/j.1976-5118.2008.00011.x © 2008 Center for International Studies, Inha University