DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF 30- VS. 60-SECOND
STATIC MUSCLE STRETCHING ON VERTICAL
JUMP PERFORMANCE
MATHEUS D. PINTO,
1
EURICO N. WILHELM,
1
VALMOR TRICOLI,
2
RONEI S. PINTO,
1
AND
ANTHONY J. BLAZEVICH
3
1
Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;
2
Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Strength Training, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sa˜o
Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil; and
3
Center for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith
Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
ABSTRACT
Pinto, MD, Wilhelm, EN, Tricoli, V, Pinto, RS, and Blazevich, AJ.
Differential effects of 30- vs. 60-second static muscle stretch-
ing on vertical jump performance. J Strength Cond Res 28(12):
3440–3446, 2014—It has been proposed that pre-exercise
static stretching may reduce muscle force and power. Recent
systematic and meta-analytical reviews have proposed a thresh-
old regarding the effect of short (,45 seconds) and moderate
($60 seconds) stretching durations on subsequent perfor-
mance in a multi-joint task (e.g., jump performance), although
its effect on power output remains less clear. Furthermore, no
single experimental study has explicitly compared the effect of
short (e.g., 30 seconds) and moderate (60 seconds) durations
of continuous static stretching on multi-joint performance.
Therefore, the aim of the present study was determine the
effect of acute short- and moderate-duration continuous
stretching interventions on vertical jump performance and
power output. Sixteen physically active men (21.0 6 1.9 years;
1.7 6 0.1 m; 78.4 6 12.1 kg) volunteered for the study. After
familiarization, subjects attended the laboratory for 3 testing
sessions. In the nonstretching (NS) condition, subjects per-
formed a countermovement jump (CMJ) test without a preced-
ing stretching bout. In the other 2 conditions, subjects
performed 30-second (30SS; 4 minutes) or 60-second
(60SS; 8 minutes) static stretching bouts in calf muscles, ham-
strings, gluteus maximus, and quadriceps, respectively,
followed by the CMJ test. Results were compared by
repeated-measures analysis of variance. In comparison with
NS, 60SS resulted in a lower CMJ height (23.4%, p #
0.05) and average (22.7%, p # 0.05) and peak power output
(22.0%, p # 0.05), but no difference was observed between
30SS and the other conditions (p . 0.05). These data suggest
a dose-dependent effect of stretching on muscular perfor-
mance, which is in accordance with previous studies. The pres-
ent results suggest a threshold of continuous static stretching
in which muscular power output in a multi-joint task may be
impaired immediately following moderate-duration (60 sec-
onds; 8 minutes) static stretching while short-duration (30 sec-
onds; 4 minutes) stretching has a negligible influence.
KEY WORDS stretch volume, countermovement jump,
muscular performance, muscle power
INTRODUCTION
M
uscle power is considered a critical element for
successful athletic performance (24). One way
to indirectly evaluate multi-joint lower limb
power production is through the use of the
countermovement jump (CMJ) test. For example, Tillin et al.
(29) found significant correlations between CMJ height,
sprint performance, and squat rate of force development in
rugby players, indicating a reasonable similarity in the factors
underpinning their performances. However, an adequate
level of flexibility is also a potentially important physical
attribute influencing athletic performance, thus stretching
exercises organized to improve flexibility are usually
included in training and performance-preparation programs
by individuals who require high power outputs. Indeed,
a recent study demonstrated that static stretching is com-
monly used during training sessions and before competitions
by recreational and competitive athletes (14). One reason
indicated for its use is to decrease delayed onset muscle sore-
ness (DOMS) (11), despite the prevailing evidence that
stretching before an event does not reduce DOMS (8).
A second, and possibly more important, reason is that stretch-
ing may increase muscle-tendon unit compliance, which was
reported to be altered after short periods (e.g., 5 seconds) of
Address correspondence to Matheus D. Pinto, matheus.daros@ufrgs.br.
28(12)/3440–3446
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Ó 2014 National Strength and Conditioning Association
3440 Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
the TM
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