PERSONNEL PSYCHOUXJY
1995,48
WHO APPRECIATES FAMILY-RESPONSIVE HUMAN
RESOURCE POLICIES: THE IMPACT OF FAMILY-
FRIENDLY POLICIES ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL
ATTACHMENT OF PARENTS AND NON-PARENTS
STEVEN L.GROVER
School of Business
Indiana University
KAREN J. CROOKER
School of Business
University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
The 1991 General Social Survey of 745 randomly selected workers in the
United States assessed the impact of family-responsive human resource
policies, such as parental leave, flexible schedules, and child care as-
sistance on organizational attachment. Employees who had access to
family-responsive policies showed significantly greater organizational
committment and expressed significantly lower intention to quit their
jobs. Additionally, child care information referral had a greater im-
pact on affective commitment among employees eligible for that ben-
efit. The data supported the theory that offering assistance to employ-
ees in need symbolizes concern for employees and positively infiuences
attachment to the organization. The contrasting theoretical explana-
tion—that people are more attached to companies when they individu-
ally benefit from progressive human resource policies—received con-
siderably less support. The practical implication of the study for human
resource management professionals is that providing comprehensive
family-friendly policies may have a positive impact beyond the individ-
ual employees who tap these benefits.
President Bill Qinton's signing of the Family Medical Leave Act in
1993 reflected a shift in U.S. beliefs about work and family. This shift
has been fueled by dramatic transformations of both the American work-
force and the American family over the past couple of decades. Both
parents work outside the home in three-quarters of families with chil-
dren, including over half of families with children less than a year old
(U.S. Bureau of Census, 1989). The now-common practice of mothers
and fathers participating in both the outside work domain and the home
domain produces difficulty in coordinating work and home lives, includ-
ing arranging for child care, dealing with childbirth absence from work.
Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Steven L. Grover,
School of Business, Indiana University, Bloomington IN 47405.
COPYRIGHT © 1995 PERSONNEL PSYCHOIXKJY, INC
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