Mesoionic 1,3-Oxazinium Olates. Rearrangement to Acylketenes
and 3-Azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanetriones
Hassan Sheibani,
1
Paul V. Bernhardt, and Curt Wentrup*
Chemistry Building, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
wentrup@uq.edu.au
Received March 6, 2005
Metastable but isolable mesoionic 1,3-oxazinium 4-olates 9d-f undergo ring opening to acylketenes
10 at or near room temperature. The ketenes undergo intramolecular criss-cross [2 + 2] cycloaddition
to afford 3-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanetriones 12. The structure of 12d was established by X-ray
crystallography.
Introduction
We have recently reported the reversible valence
isomerization of mesoionic pyridopyrimidinium olates to
the corresponding amidinoylketenes, e.g., 1 f 2, which
takes place in solution at or slightly above room temper-
ature (eq 1).
2
Although the transient ketenes 2 could not
be observed directly, the calculated activation barrier for
the ring opening, 1 f 2, was as low as 20 kcal/mol in
one case.
2a
The formally nonmesoionic pyridopyrimidi-
nones 3 undergo reversible ring opening to imidoylketenes
4 under conditions of flash vacuum thermolysis (FVT)
(eq 2).
2,3
In addition, five-membered heterocyclic me-
soionic compounds can undergo valence isomerization to
the ring-opened ketenes, albeit sometimes with more
difficulty, e.g., pyrrolopyridinium olates 5 to ketenes 6
4
and sydnones to N-nitrosaminoketenes.
5,6
These ring-
opening reactions are of considerable interest as likely
examples of pseudopericyclic reactions,
7
taking place via
a planar or nearly planar transition state and with very
low activation barriers from the ketenes to the cyclized
products.
8
We now report the synthesis of 2-vinyl-1,3-oxazinium
olates 9, their facile ring opening to ketenes 10, and
recyclization to 3-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanetriones 12 in
an intramolecular [2 + 2] criss-cross cycloaddition reac-
tion.
Results and Discussion
The oxazinium olates 9d-f (see Scheme 1 for key) were
obtained as highly colored (red-orange) solids by reac-
(1) On leave from the Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar
University of Kerman, Kerman 76175, Iran.
(2) (a) Andersen, H. G.; Mitschke, U.; Wentrup, C. J. Chem. Soc.,
Perkin Trans. 2 2001, 602-607. (b) Fiksdahl, A.; Plu ¨ g, C.; Wentrup,
C. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2000, 1841-1845.
(3) Plu ¨ g, C.; Frank, W.; Wentrup, C. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2
1999, 1087-1093.
(4) Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyridinium olates to (2-pyridyl)carbonylketenes:
Ye, X.; Andraos, J.; Bibas, H.; Wong, M. W.; Wentrup, C. J. Chem.
Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2000, 401-406.
(5) Plu ¨ g, C.; Wallfisch, A.; Andersen, H. G.; Bernhardt, P. V.; Baker,
L.-J.; Clark, G. R.; Wong, M. W.; Wentrup, C. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin
Trans. 2 2000, 2096-2108.
(6) Photochemical ring opening of sydnones to N-nitrosamino-
ketenes: Veedu, R. N.; Wentrup, C. Unpublished results, The Uni-
versity of Queensland, 2004.
(7) (a) Birney, D. M.; Wagenseller, P. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994,
116, 6262-6270. (b) Birney, D. M. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 243-251.
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J. Org. Chem. XXXX, XX, A PAGE EST: 2.9 Published on Web 00/00/0000
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