European Journal of Psychology of Education
1994, Vol. IX, n'' I, 55-67
© 1994, I.S.P.A.
Social Insertions and Representations of Oneself
and Young People: Apprentices and High School
Students
Thierry Devos
Jean-Claude Deschamps
Loraine Comby
University oj Lausanne, Switzerland
What does the category or the term 'young people' evoke for
teenagers who identify themselves in terms of their social group
memberships? On the basis of two studies we were able to demonstrate
that whereas for apprentices (positioned between school and the world
of work) youth is defined in terms of various activities - one is young
by virtue of what one is doing, for those pursuing studies in senior high
school (the 'lyceens'), one is young by virtue of how one thinks. In
addition, whileapprentices tend to value the group, high school students
value the individual above all else.
Introduction
Within the field of research on intergroup relations, work on intergroup and intragroup
differentiation has generally focussed upon the processes involved (the greater or lesser effects
of differentiation, assimilation or discrimination) to the relative neglect of content'. This priority
given to the study of processes, and most often to cognitive processes, is undoubtedly justified.
However, it is equally important to emphasise that the content of representations itself conveys
a certain view of the differences between groups as much as it does of the homogeneity or
heterogeneity of groups. Now it is precisely this role of intergroup images or representations
in the relations between and within groups which we intend to examine in this article.
Intergroup representations
We assume here that intergroup representations are no more than particular instances
of social representations: they are therefore generative principles for perspectives linked to specific
group memberships within a set of social relationships, and they structure the symbolic processes
which intervene in these relationships (Doise, 1986). Intergroup representations are in a sense
This investigation has been made possible by a grant from the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique
to the second author (n? 11-32219.91). This article was translated from the French by N. Emler.