ELSEVIER
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 60 (1994) 59-85
Joupmlgf. voka.nology ,
altogeomermm research
Glass chemistry in volcaniclastic sediments of ODP Leg 107, Site
650, sedimentary sequence: provenance and chronological
implications
Natale Calanchi, Giorgio Gasparotto, Claudia Romagnoli
Dipartimento di Scienze Mineralogiche, Universit?, di Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato 1, 40126 Bologna, Italy
(Received February 4, 1993; revised version accepted October 19, 1993 )
Abstract
A detailed chemical investigation of volcanic glass fragments from volcaniclastic strata (6 tephras, 1 volcanic
debris flow, 12 volcanic turbidites) of ODP Leg 107, Site 650, sedimentary sequence, leads to a varied pattern in
terms of both provenance and age constraints.
The six analyzed tephra strata indicate a provenance from at least three different volcanic provinces: Aeolian,
Campanian, and Sicilian Channel (PanteUeria Island). The older tephra strata (021, 018, 012 ) have a large amount
of"orogenic" rhyodacite/rhyolitedeposits that may be attributed to the Aeolian province, although no subaerial
coeval volcanic activity of similar composition has so far been documented in the Aeolian Arc. Tephra 007 is
related to the Pantelleria Island activity and, particularly, to an ignimbrite episode dated circa 130 ka. Tephra
strata 005 and 003, have a clear Campanian provenance, and are correlated with analogous tephra layers, observed
in the Tyrrhenian and Ionian seas, dated circa 107 and 60 ka respectively.
In the oldest portion of the sequence (from 1.3 to 0.13 Ma), the volcaniclastic sediments were only derived from
the Aeolian domain whereas in the latest 130 ka, the Campanian influx becomes much more predominant. There-
fore, a general K-enrichment trend is observed in the temporal sequence of all the analyzed samples (almost 700
point analyses)which may be related both to a variation in the source area and to the specific Pleistocene magmatic
evolution of the peri-Tyrrhenian volcanic provinces.
1. Introduction
Volcanic explosive activity from peri-Tyr-
rhenian magmatic provinces has been recorded
by several tephra layers in the central Mediter-
ranean sediments (Keller et al., 1978; Thunnell
et al., 1979; Paterne et al., 1988, 1990). It made
possible the reconstruction of the temporal evo-
lution of the explosive activity of the main vol-
canic provinces in the Late Pleistocene (last
80,000 years; last 190,000 years for the Campan-
ian Province, Paterne et al., 1988, 1990). Evi-
dences of peri-Tyrrhenian volcanic activity in the
Early-Middle Pleistocene marine sediments are
meager since the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 107
was carried out in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Late Pli-
ocene and Pleistocene successions in both the ig-
neous-floored Marsili and Vavilov Basins are
largely composed of volcaniclastic debris, de-
rived from the southern Apenninic Roman and
Campanian provinces, and from the Aeolian Is-
lands (Shipboard Scientific Party, 1987; Robert-
son et al., 1990).
The aim of the present paper is to provide, on
0377-0273/94/$07.00 © 1994 Elsevier Science B.V. All fights reserved
SSD10377-0273 (93)E0111-E