Downloaded from www.microbiologyresearch.org by IP: 54.196.252.114 On: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 07:50:06 Parapedobacter luteus sp. nov. and Parapedobacter composti sp. nov., isolated from cotton waste compost Soo-Jin Kim, 1 Hang-Yeon Weon, 1 Yi-Seul Kim, 1 Seung-Hee Yoo, 1 Byung-Yong Kim, 1 Rangasamy Anandham 2 and Soon-Wo Kwon 1 Correspondence Soon-Wo Kwon swkwon@rda.go.kr 1 Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC), National Agrobiodiversity Center, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea 2 Agricultural Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India Two aerobic, Gram-reaction-negative, non-spore-forming bacterial strains, 4M29 T and 4M40 T , were isolated from cotton composts. The two strains grew in the presence of 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum growth in the absence of NaCl), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and at 15–45 6C (optimum, 30 6C). The strains shared 97.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Strains 4M29 T and 4M40 T showed the next highest levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Parapedobacter koreensis Jip14 T (95.6 and 94.4 %, respectively) and Parapedobacter soli DCY14 T (95.2 and 93.8 %). The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strains 4M29 T and 4M40 T was 38 %. The two strains contained iso-C 15 : 0 , summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH and/or C 16 : 1 v7c) and iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH as major fatty acids, MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone, homospermidine as the only polyamine and phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains 4M29 T and 4M40 T were 47.6 and 48.6 mol%, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strains 4M29 T and 4M40 T are considered to represent two novel species of the genus Parapedobacter, for which the names Parapedobacter luteus sp. nov. (type strain 4M29 T 5KACC 10955 T 5JCM 15977 T ) and Parapedobacter composti sp. nov. (type strain 4M40 T 5KACC 10972 T 5JCM 15978 T ) are proposed. The genus Parapedobacter was erected with the description of Parapedobacter koreensis to accommodate a single strain isolated from dried rice straw (Kim et al., 2007). A second species of the genus isolated from soil, Parapedobacter soli, was subsequently described (Kim et al., 2008). The genus belongs to the family Sphingobacteriaceae together with the genera Sphingobacterium (Yabuuchi et al., 1983), Pedobacter (Steyn et al., 1998), Mucilaginibacter (Pankratov et al., 2007), Olivibacter (Ntougias et al., 2007), Pseudosphingobacterium (Vaz-Moreira et al., 2007), Nubsella (Asker et al., 2008) and Solitalea (Weon et al., 2009). Members of the genus Parapedobacter are Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile bacteria with iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH and/or C 16 : 1 v7c) as major fatty acids, menaquinone 7 as the predominant respiratory quinone and sphingolipid as a characteristic polar lipid. During the course of a study on the bacterial diversity of cotton waste composts used for the cultivation of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), we previously isolated several novel bacterial strains by means of the plating technique on trypticase soy agar (TSA, pH 7.0; Difco) at 30 u C. In the present study, we report the taxonomic characterization of two of these bacterial strains, designated 4M29 T and 4M40 T . The 16S rRNA genes of strains 4M29 T and 4M40 T were amplified by PCR with primers fD1 and rP2 (Weisburg et al., 1991), and the entire PCR fragment was then directly sequenced (Hiraishi, 1992). 16S rRNA gene sequences were aligned by using the MEGALIGN program (DNASTAR). A phylogenetic tree was constructed by using the software package MEGA version 3.1 (Kumar et al., 2004). Distances (options according to Kimura’s two-parameter model) and clustering (via the neighbour-joining and maximum- parsimony methods) were determined by using bootstrap values based on 1000 replicates. The level of 16S rRNA gene The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 4M29 T and 4M40 T are FJ754320 and FJ754321, respectively. Thin-layer chromatograms showing the polar lipid profiles of strains 4M29 T , 4M40 T and Parapedobacter koreensis Jip14 T are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2010), 60, 1849–1853 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.013318-0 013318 G 2010 IUMS Printed in Great Britain 1849