Measurement Invariance 1 Running head: INVARIANCE OF HUMAN VALUES Testing Measurement Invariance Using Multigroup CFA: Differences between Educational Groups in Human Values Measurement Holger Steinmetz, Peter Schmidt, Andrea Tina Booh, and Siegrid Wieczorek University of Giessen / Germany Shalom H. Schwartz Hebrew University / Israel Holger Steinmetz, Peter Schmidt, Andrea Tina Booh, and Siegrid Wieczorek, Institute for Political Science, University of Gießen / Germany; Shalom H. Schwartz, Department of Psychology, Hebrew University / Israel. The research was supported by grants from the German Science Foundation (DFG) – SCHM 658 / 8 -1. The material provided in this study was presented at the 24 th conference of the Society for Multivariate Analysis in the Behavioral Sciences (SMABS), July 2004, in Jena / Germany. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Holger Steinmetz, Institute for Political Science, University of Giessen, Karl-Glöckner-Str. 21 E, D-35394 Giessen, Germany. Telephone: 00496419923051 (Secr.), Fax: 00496419923059. Email: Holger.Steinmetz@web.de