Journal of International Economics 19 (1985) 341-354. North-Holland
IMPORT CONTROLS UNDER IMPERFECT INFORMATION
Shabtai DONNENFELD
University of Haifa and New York University, New York, N Y IO006, USA
Shlomo WEBER
University of Half a, Haifa 31999, Israel
Uri BEN-ZION*
Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
Received July 1984, revised version received February 1985
This paper examines the effects of governmentally imposed quality controls upon an industry
which consists of a domestic monopolist which is facing competition from a large number of
foreign finns. Domestic consumers know the quality of the home good, while their information
about the quality of imports is imperfect. Although minimum quality standards are directly
imposed on imports, they indirectly affect the behavior of the domestic monopolist. The
domestic firm raises quality but its price response is ambiguous. Furthermore, its market share
and profitability decline. Import controls harm some consumers and benefit others. We state
conditions which lead to a lower national welfare.
1. Introduction
Developed countries often impose quality standards on imports. One can
simplify the various opinions with regard to the purpose and the effects of
import controls by putting forward two views. According to one view
standard controls are imposed in order to protect domestic consumers from
imports of low quality. Second, import controls are viewed as a means to
protect the import competing industry, and thus erect barriers to trade. A
good summary of this line of argument can be found in Baldwin (1970) and
Stern (1973). More recently, Mayer (1982) formally examined the protective
effects of import standards in the context of a perfectly competitive domestic
industry which produces a differentiated product. By assuming perfect
information, Mayer presented a method which enables the calculation of the
tariff equivalent of import standards.
In this paper we re-examine the issue of import standards in the more
*We are thankful to Wolfgang Mayer and John Pomery for their comments on an earlier
version of this paper. The specific comments of a referee and some broader issues raised by a
reader helped to clarify and improve the quality of the paper.
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