1 3
Microsyst Technol
DOI 10.1007/s00542-013-2046-y
TECHNICAL PAPER
Modeling and simulation of metal organic halide vapor phase
epitaxy (MOHVPE) growth chamber
N. Zieyana Mohamed Annuar ·
Mohd Faizul Mohd Sabri · A. Shuhaimi Abu Bakar
Received: 17 October 2013 / Accepted: 12 December 2013
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
is influenced more by the temperature distribution and
geometry of the chamber. The numerical study of horizon-
tal MOHVPE growth shows a function of temperature and
species flow rates has been performed with specific condi-
tion to find the ideal position of the substrate for growth
process in future.
1 Introduction
Nowadays, semiconductor industry move step ahead in
development thin films (Narayan and Wang 2002). It devel-
oped the layers on the wafer to produce a semiconductor
component. Metal Organic Chemical vapor deposition
(MOCVD) of a thin single-crystal silicon film is growth
on single-crystal silicon substrate of the same crystal-
lographic orientation. While further perfected to growth
thick layer of wafer is perform in halide vapor-phase epi-
taxy (HVPE) method. In both research and industrial field,
Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE) has devel-
oped into a viable and necessary technique for production
of semiconductor device layers. The epitaxial structure is
the heart of the semiconductor device layer and MOVPE is
considered the enabling technology for epitaxial growth of
compound semiconductor devices.
Based on previous research, the insufficiency of this
method which is MOVPE and HVPE are identified. Lack of
uniformity wafer curvature produced caused by lattice mis-
match that came from MOVPE method (Taiyo et al. 1998).
Thermal expansion will affect the maximum crack occurs
and nevertheless the threading dislocation will appear in
minimum stage inside growth chamber (Taiyo et al. 1998).
These happen when GaN was reacting with sapphire as
substrate. Further improvement is carried out in HVPE
method by using GaN to replace sapphire as substrate, after
Abstract Over the last few decades, there was a substan-
tial appeal on the growth of gallium-nitride (Ga-N) based
alloy for high performance optoelectronic devices such as
blue/violet laser diode, blue/white light emitting diode etc.
In the recent years, there have been revolutionary changes
in semiconductor field. Growth method for GaN-based film
has been extensively explored, with success of thick film
growth using halide vapor-phase epitaxy technique. The
theoretical changes were attributed from the experimental
results where modeling was vastly used for the purpose
of design of equipment. This is because of the cost of the
equipment and it is one of the major burdens in semicon-
ductor processing. This process constitutes an important
technology for manufacturing thin solid film in the semi-
conductor industry. To address these issues, a new devel-
opment called metal organic halide vapor phase epitaxy
(MOHVPE) reactor has been proposed in this study. Mod-
eling with five inlet nozzles with 54 cm long is designed by
design software. The numerical study of horizontal MOH-
VPE growth shows dependence on temperature and spe-
cies flow rates. The inlet area is set to room temperature
while the whole chamber is set in the temperature range
from 1,273 to 1,473 K. Growth process reactor geom-
etry that involved with temperature distribution stabiliza-
tion and uniformity control flow pattern between the sub-
strate holder are discussed. It is seen that the flow pattern
N. Zieyana Mohamed Annuar (*) · M. F. M. Sabri
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
e-mail: nzieanaz@gmail.com
A. Shuhaimi Abu Bakar
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science,
Low Dimensional Research Centre, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia