10.1177/0739986304269167 Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences Martinez-Donate et al. / Risk for HIV Infection
Risk for HIV Infection
Among Adolescents in the
Border City of Tijuana, Mexico
Ana P. Martinez-Donate
Elaine J. Blumberg
Melbourne F. Hovell
Carol L. Sipan
Jennifer A. Zellner
Suzanne Hughes
Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and
Community Health, San Diego State University
Previous studies have suggested high rates of HIV infection and other sexually transmit-
ted infections in the U.S.–Mexico border region. However, no information is available on
the risk for HIV infection among Mexican adolescents living in this geographic area. This
study examines the prevalence of HIV risk practices and psychosocial correlates among
370 high school students in the border city of Tijuana, Mexico, by gender and age group.
The results indicate substantial risk for HIV infection among Tijuana youth due to unpro-
tected sexual practices, lifetime rates of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections,
and needle-sharing practices, mostly related to tattooing and body piercing. These find-
ings suggest the need for HIV prevention programs for Tijuana adolescents. These pro-
grams must be culturally sensitive and tailored to meet the needs of the different age and
gender groups in this region.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS; sexually transmitted infections; Mexican adolescents; U.S.–
Mexico border; risk factors
Approximately 150,000 persons aged 15 to 49 and 2,400 children aged 15
and younger are living with HIV/AIDS in Mexico (World Health Organiza-
tion, 2000). Among 25- to 44-year-olds in Mexico, AIDS is the third leading
AUTHORS’ NOTE: The authors would like to thank Dr. Lozada at the Tijuana Health Depart-
ment, ISESALUD; Francisco Robles (in memoriam) and Ulises Mercado at the Proyecto de
Consejo y Apoyo Binacional; the principals, professors, and students from the participating
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 26 No. 4, November 2004 407-425
DOI: 10.1177/0739986304269167
© 2004 Sage Publications
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