Ž . Fuel Processing Technology 63 2000 93–107 www.elsevier.comrlocaterfuproc Interactions between vapor-phase mercury compounds and coal char in synthetic flue gas Baochun Wu a , Thomas W. Peterson a , Farhang Shadman a , Constance L. Senior b, ) , Joseph R. Morency b , Frank E. Huggins c , Gerald P. Huffman c a Department of Chemical Engineering, UniÕersity of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA b Physical Sciences Inc., 20 New England Business Center, AndoÕer, MA 01810, USA c Consortium for Fossil Fuel Liquefaction Science, UniÕersity of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Received 23 November 1998; received in revised form 15 September 1999; accepted 29 September 1999 Abstract Data suggest that coal-fired power plants are a significant source of atmospheric mercury. Predicting emissions of mercury and the speciation of mercury in combustion emissions cannot be done without a fundamental understanding of the chemical reactions of mercury in flue gas. In this work, chars generated from three coals were used as sorbent material for both elemental mercury and mercuric chloride. The temperature of the source as well as the char sorbent was carefully Ž . controlled at either 343 or 433 K 70 or 1608C . When exposed to a synthetic flue gas consisting of O , H O, CO , and N , both Hg 0 and HgCl were adsorbed by coal char. The rank of the coal 2 2 2 2 2 seemed to have a large effect on the adsorption of Hg 0 , but not on adsorption of HgCl . The 2 bituminous chars adsorbed similar amounts of Hg 0 , while the sub-bituminous char adsorbed almost an order of magnitude less. The amount of Hg 0 adsorbed did not appear to be correlated with the sulfur content of the char. The rank dependence suggests that some other characteristic of the char, for example, pore structure or surface functional groups may be important for adsorption of elemental mercury. Adsorption of HgCl was higher by a factor of two for the bituminous chars 2 and 50 times higher for the sub-bituminous char. The adsorption of HgCl showed less differences 2 as a function of coal rank and a better agreement among all chars with respect to char surface area. This suggests that adsorption of HgCl on char may be by a physical adsorption process and, 2 therefore, char surface area would be a good indicator of capacity for HgCl . q 2000 Elsevier 2 Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Coal char; Mercury; Flue gas ) Corresponding author. Fax: q 1-978-689-3232; e-mail: senior@psicorp.com 0378-3820r00r$ - see front matter q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Ž . PII: S0378-3820 99 00091-0