Ghassemi A, Ommati H, Esmaeilzadeh A, Kooshyar MM (2016) Stem Cell Therapy in Liver Cirrhosis. Int J Stem Cell Res Transplant. 04(2), 153-157. 153 OPEN ACCESS http://scidoc.org/IJST.php Stem Cell Therapy in Liver Cirrhosis Review Article Ghassemi A 1 , Ommati H 2* , Esmaeilzadeh A 4 , Kooshyar MM 3 1 Associate Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Hematology and Oncology Ward, Faculty of Medicine, Mash- had University of Medical Sciences. 2 Gastroenterologist, Shariati Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science. 3 Associate Professor of Hematology & Oncology, Hematology and Oncology Ward, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 4 Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine Ward, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Introduction The main causes of liver cirrhosis among humans worldwide is chronic viral hepatitis and alcohol abuse that led to the mes- enchymal inlammatory and primary disturbance of the hepatic cells, Eventually causes liver cirrhosis [1]. Patients with liver cir- rhosis often require liver transplantation but it is affected by many problems, including relative operative damage, high costs, lack of donors, and risk of rejection [2] and because of the increas- ing shortage of livers for transplantation, Scientists attempted to performed experiments for optimizing and demonstrate the sup- posed ability of adult bone marrow stem cells to differentiate into mature cells other than blood cells in different adult tissues and functioning hepatocytes [3]. Currently novel studies are shown the Stem cell therapy has the potential to provide a valuable adjunct to the management of cir- rhosis, Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) have been known to possess the unique capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into hematopoietic and mesenchymal cell lineages [4]. The other reports have demonstrated that BM-derived hepatocytes gener- ated by in vivo cell fusion as well as adult cells can adopt the phe- notype of other cell lines by fusing with stem cells [5-7]. However, Stem cell therapy is necessary to consider that the liver already contains endogenous populations of stem cells in hepatocytes that they are able to self-renew almost limitlessly, and often play the principal role in liver regeneration [8]. The aims of this article is to survey the role of stem cell therapies to improve liver cirrhosis and MSCs cells are reprogrammed as International Journal of Stem Cell Research and Transplantation (IJST) ISSN 2328-3548 Abstract Cirrhosis results from different mechanisms of liver injury that lead to necroinlammation and ibrogenesis; Patients with liver cirrhosis often require liver transplantation but it is affected by many problems, including relative operative damage, high costs, lack of donors, and risk of rejection. Currently studies are shown the Stem cell therapy has the potential to provide a valuable adjunct to the management of disease, Stem cell should be the natural candidates to provide a renewable source of cells for transplantation. The main mechanism of stem cell therapy is that stem cell capacity to differentiate into any of the hundreds of distinct cell types that comprise the human body. In addition to their potential in therapeutics can be used to study the earliest stages of human development and disease modeling using human cells. In this article, we review the potential for stem cell therapies to treat liver cirrhosis, MSCs cells are reprogrammed as useful sources of cells that can be change to liver cell for treatment of cirrhosis but pathological implication and autologous bone marrow stem cell therapy for cirrhosis are still to be elucidated and clinical trials that required before this cell transplantation must be performed in Large-scale controlled to becomes a regular therapy. Keywords: Cell Therapy; Liver Cirrhosis; Stem Cell; Transplantation. *Corresponding Author: Homeira Ommati, Department of Gastroenterologist, Shariati Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Iran. Tel: +989153186759 Fax: +9837273943 Email: Ommatih@mums.ac.ir Received: November 28, 2015 Accepted: February 18, 2016 Published: February 22, 2016 Citation: Ghassemi A, Ommati H, Esmaeilzadeh A, Kooshyar MM (2016) Stem Cell Therapy in Liver Cirrhosis. Int J Stem Cell Res Transplant 04(2), 153-157. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2328-3548-1600026 Copyright: Ommati H © 2016. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.