1 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY In today’s communication and information era where societies are moving towards evolution and civilization, public relations has appeared to be known as the main element and component of communication and an important factor in establishing subjective and objective partnerships due to the communicative and interactive nature of organizations and organizational duties and activities. Interaction with relevant publics inside and outside the organization is necessary for keeping dynamics and survival of every organization as well as obtaining the objectives of that organization. Among the major important developments of the twentieth century are the growth, recognition and acceptance of public and a useful tool in the hands of government and organizational managers in all modern societies. One of the important factors that have contributed for increased heath care in Nigeria is the population situation in the country. According to Anibueze (2008), the population of this country is increasing rapidly due largely to decreasing mortality and sustained high fertility. According to Abbas (2007), Public Relations is a mutual and informed attempt which organizations and the relevant social groups make to meet society’s acceptable objectives through communication and reaching a common understanding among communication parties. Hospitals require public relations activities to distinguish them from competitors, provide bi-directional communication between the society and the hospital, and assist to create an acceptable strong hospital image and culture. In today’s world, increase in importance attached by individuals in health issues, request for quality health care becoming widespread and acting more selectively among