Zool. Garten N.F. 80 (2011) 271–286 www.elsevier.de/zooga A new species of ferret-badger, Genus Melogale, from Vietnam Eine neue Sonnendachs-Art, Gattung Melogale, von Vietnam Tilo Nadler 1,∗ , Ulrike Streicher 2 , Clara Stefen 3 , Elke Schwierz 4 , Christian Roos 5 1 Frankfurt Zoological Society / Endangered Primate Rescue Center, Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam 2 Ulrike Streicher, Wildlife Veterinarian, Private Consultant, Danang, Vietnam 3 Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde, Königsbrücker Landstraße 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany 4 Endangered Primate Rescue Center, Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam 5 Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany Received 26 July 2011 Abstract Ferret-badgers, genus Melogale, are distributed in the Indochinese region, Java, Bali and NE- Borneo. There are currently four species described each having very similar phenotypes. In March 2005, a living ferret-badger of a different phenotype was confiscated by rangers from Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam. This individual died and the carcass was not preserved. In January 2006, a newly deceased individual of the same phenotype was found at the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, Cuc Phuong National Park. Due to several different characteristics these individuals vary greatly from the current species. Thus, we describe an additional species, M. cucphuongensis sp. nov. from northern Vietnam, which occurs sympatrically with M. moschata and M. personata, but differs from both species clearly in skull morphology and other features. Based on a 423 bp-long fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, M. cucphuongensis sp. nov. is a member of the genus Melogale and represents a sister lineage to a clade consisting of M. personata and M. moschata. Keywords: Mustelidae; Helictidinae; Melogale; new species; Vietnam ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: t.nadler@mail.hut.edu.vn (T. Nadler).