Qualitative Sociology, VoL 14, No. 1, 1991
Children of Inmates: The Effects of the
Redress Movement Among Third Generation
Japanese Americans
Yasuko L Takezawa
During the 1950s, it was predicted that Japanese American commu-
nities would eventually disappear. American society praised their "success
story"a; and their social and economic mobility, as well as their assimilation
into the mainstream of society proceeded remarkably. The ethnic boundary
of Japanese Americans appeared to have become blurred after World War
II. Over the past decade, however, an ethnic identity has been reconfirmed
and a sense of community has been revived amongst Japanese Americans.
Such a reaffirmation of ethnic identity seems to be derived largely from
the reconceptualization of their wartime internment brought about by the
redress movement and its recent success in forcing the United States Gov-
ernment to acknowledge its own misconduct.
It is now no longer a secret in American history that by Executive
Order 9066 Japanese Americans living on the West Coast were uprooted
from their homes to live in internment camps surrounded by barbed wire
during the Second World War. Over 110,000 peopie of Japanese descent,
including American citizens who constituted nearly two thirds of all the
victims, were deprived of their constitutional rights and subjected to this
evacuation and internment merely because of their Japanese ancestry. Not
only did the short-notice evacuation order cause their total economic ruin,
but a maximum of three and a half years of imprisonment left deep psy-
chological scars among the internees, which subsequently kept them silent
for decades after the war.
Special thanks go to Rainer C. Baum, who carefully read the earlier version and gave me
insightful comments. Address correspondence to Yasuko I. Takezawa, Institute of Modern
Languages and Cultures, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki-ken 305, Japan.
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© 1991HumanSciences Press,Inc,