J. Chil. Chem. Soc., 61, Nº 3 (2016) 3120 STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCOMPOSITE POLYSTYRENE / GRAPHENE OXIDE HIGH ACIDITY CAN BE APPLIED IN THIN FILMS REZA JAMSHIDI RODBARI 1* , RUNE WENDELBO 2 , LOURDES CRISTINA LUCENA AGOSTINHO JAMSHIDI 3 , EDUARDO PADRÓN HERNÁNDEZ 4 , LUCIANO NASCIMENTO 5 1*,4 Program of Post-Graduation in Materials Sciences -PPGMS/ Center of Exact Sciences and Nature-CESN / UFPE,Recife - PE, Brazil. 3,5 Program of Post-Graduation in Chemical Engineering-PPGCE/ Center of Technology and Geosciences-CTG / UFPE, Recife - PE, Brazil. 2 Oslo-Området, Norway Kjemikalier - CEO / General Manager at Abalonyx AS, Forskningsveien 1, 0373 Oslo, Norway. ABSTRACT This paper shows a study of Nanocomposite formed by adding reduced Graphene oxide with high acidity and polystyrene. The interest and research in the material is due to the ability of these nanoparticles signiicantly altering the electrical and mechanical properties of the polymer, even addition of small levels. The existence of functional groups on the graphene oxide containing abundant oxygen such as; epoxy, hydroxyl and carboxylic acid, can be well dispersed in the polymer because of its good interaction with polymer chains. In this study we used the solution by dispersing method to that made the use of solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF), for purposes of obtaining a reaction with functionalization of graphene oxide / polystyrene in time of 48 hours. The analyses of physical-chemical characterizations were made diffraction X-ray (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Infrared Spectroscopy (IRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) and Differential calorimeter by scanning (DSC). The results obtained by XRD diffraction pattern showed a strong expansion in the peak, indicating amorphization on single sheets of graphene oxide due to distorted sp 3 sites CO. The morphology of the nanocomposite structure was with surface roughness, folds and rough predominant oxidation process of oxygenated functional groups. Their techniques showed the range of absorption, crystallinity degree and the mass loss. Finally, current and future possible applications of formed polystyrene nanocomposite/ graphene oxide show high acidity eficiency in the use of thin ilms. Keywords: Nanocomposite; Dispersion; Graphene oxide; Polystyrene; Thin ilms. e-mail: rodbari.ufpe@gmail.com 1 1.INTRODUCTION The interest and search for new materials or end products that is eficient and cost-effective production, and is suitable for technology innovation and environmentally green. Consequently, it is the intention of the researchers is thorough knowledge in this research material that can meet the need of the world market and social sustainability. Among this wide range and technological universality, has drawn attention of the scientiic community graphene. Graphene is a material that is motivating much research due to their quality of combination with other materials and highlighting the good mechanical, electronic, optical and physical and chemical properties. In view of the potential applications in the industrial ield such as; sensors are nanocomposites in polymeric matrix, batteries, super capacitors, hydrogen storage and support for heterogeneous catalysts. However, it is common knowledge; graphene is an atom-thick hexagonal lat sheet and hybridization type sp 2 carbon. Furthermore, it is a material having a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional lattice structure (2D); is regarded as the basic structural element of some carbon allotropes 1 . Graphite oxide (GO) constitutes of a layered and water-soluble nanomaterial, which is obtained by extensive, chemical oxidation of graphite, each fundamental layer of GO consists of a dense two-dimensional carbonaceous skeleton containing a larger number of sp 3 hybridized carbon atoms and a smaller number of sp 2 carbons. In accordance with Meyer and collaborators on studies showed that these ripples in 3D are seen in a side scale of 10nm, it consists of a gain of elastic energy, probably due to interaction between the phonons with large wavelength stabilizing atomically thin membranes through its deformation in the third dimension 2 . But it should say another promising application is formed of graphene oxide ilms. In this perspective we include a transparent conductive oxide, which can have lexibility, chemical stability and viable cost. However, the cohesion of the material and the inluence that may occur between one interface and another material; when we treat and relate the material under study or analysis type material / product is being prepared; that is, there are conditions to specify the product that we have. When, we had referred a semiconductor or material with similar behavior. In this case, it gives emphasis to the graphene and its electrical properties resulting from the fact that it is an electrical conductor without bandgap “zero band-gap conductors”, with two linear bands that are at the extremes of the irst Brillouin zone. However, graphene is a zero band semiconductor with extremely high carrier mobility that absorbs only 2.3% of visible light 3 . Polymeric nanocomposites has aroused the investigation of researchers also some technological sectors, mainly with use of graphene oxide nanoparticles. The good properties having a nanocomposite is connected adequate dispersion of the particles forming the dispersed phase. With a view to the functionalization of graphene oxide polymer, derived primarily covalent and non-covalent binding, and numerous reactive groups of graphene oxide. However, when it is desired to obtain a nanocomposite with a combination of polymer / graphene oxide should have a good homogeneous dispersion of the materials. However, this integration is due graphene oxide group containing abundant oxygen, such as; epoxy, hydroxyl and carboxyl, can be well dispersed in a polymer matrix, due to its good interaction with polymer chains. However, in terms of functionality of the graphene oxide at the junction of a polymer, must obtain dispersions with good stability in nanoplatelets to this, it is necessary hydrophobic solvents which have activities to control the microstructure of nanocomposites. Therefore, adsorption of the polymer is on the surface of the graphene oxide nanoplatelets via electrostatic interaction and Van der Waals force, when considering the functionality of noncovalent 4 . Whereas, some factors should be inluence directly the various inal properties of the nanocomposite and quality of graphene interface with the polymer matrix. Furthermore, the functionality achieved by covalent means of covalent bonding and hydrogen bonding beneits the surface of the graphene oxide sheets and also increase the degree of polymer dispersion. This work has the purpose of showing a concept for a nanocomposite with two types of materials, graphene oxide / polystyrene obtained in a dispersed form and the use of solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF), providing a signiicant improvement in mechanical properties of the material formed. 2.THEORY 2.1 STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF THE GRAPHENE SHEET The exfoliated graphene sheets oxide contain groups with hydrophilic functionality will know:–OH; ─COOH; ─C─O─C─; C=O, which keep highly dispersible leaves in layers. It’s providing more attractive and interesting properties in use and electronics applications, polymer composites, clean energy conversion and sensors. Particularly, the reduction of graphene Oxide sheets to the reduced graphene oxide sheets of considering a type of graphene derivative 5 . Knowledge already evidenced by scholar’s graphene sheet containing a monolayer of carbon atoms form a planar hexagonal crystal lattice, forming a two-dimensional crystal 6 . However, it must be said that the model structure is the basis for other, as is the case of fullerene, being described as bending a sheet of graphene on a zero- dimensional structure similar to a soccer ball. Soon became intense theoretical