Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Volume 2009, Article ID 934579, 7 pages doi:10.1155/2009/934579 Research Article Serodeconversion of HIV Antibody-Positive AIDS Patients Following Treatment with V-1 Immunitor Orapun Metadilogkul, 1 Vichai Jirathitikal, 2 and Aldar S. Bourinbaiar 2 1 Occupational and Environmental Medicine Association of Thailand, Rajavithi General Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Rajavithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand 2 Immunitor USA Inc., 9308 48th Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Aldar S. Bourinbaiar, info@immunitor.com Received 30 May 2008; Revised 7 August 2008; Accepted 7 September 2008 Recommended by Ali Ouaissi It is extremely rare when HIV seropositive adult patients experience spontaneous loss of antibodies, that is, seroreversion. The disappearance of HIV antibodies was occasionally attributed to iatrogenic intervention—serodeconversion. Such interventions include: HAART; oral interferon; Chinese herbal remedies; and therapeutic AIDS vaccines derived from pooled blood. Oral therapeutic, alloimmune AIDS vaccine, V-1 Immunitor (V1), was administered to 60000 HIV-positive Thai patients. The administration of V1 resulted in serodeconversion among 23 individuals. The patient group consisted of 9 females (39%) and 14 males (61%) including two 2-year-old boys. The age range was 2–58 years with mean/median 29/29.3 years. Patients were tested seropositive for HIV at least once before being enrolled on V1. The duration of treatment until discovery of seronegative status ranged between 2 weeks and 15 months with average/median 7.2/8 months. Time to seronegativity was correlated with baseline disease stage (R = 0.62; P = .002). The seronegative status was positively associated with V1-induced undetectable or low viral load (R = 0.65; P = .0008). The odds ratio analysis comparing the outcome of our study with published surveys of diagnostic accuracy of laboratory tests suggested that the probability of HIV antibody testing error was remote (P<.000001). The possible causes responsible for this unusual phenomenon are discussed. Copyright © 2009 Orapun Metadilogkul et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Introduction The HIV seropositivity revealed by an antibody test is indicative of virus infection. Due to a small proportion of false-positive, false-negative, and ambiguous (indeter- minate) findings occurring in a general population, this test is not perfect but remains, however, the first-line laboratory procedure for diagnostic purposes. It is currently accepted that antibody tests are nearly 100% sensitive and about 99% specific [1, 2]. The frequency of false-positive HIV serology in a low-prevalence population, for example, military recruits from rural United States, is 1/135 000 [1], while for blood donors in Minnesota is 6/million [2]. A survey of 5 million blood donors’ samples found that the prevalence of false positives was 1/251 000 [1]. To reduce the chances of technical or clerical error, the antibody tests are confirmed by additional tests like ELISA, western blot, and PCR analysis. When tests are combined, for example, ELISA and western blot, the false-positive rate has been reported to be as low as 1/100 000 [3]. Others have indicated that even when tests are combined, about 3% of the investigated sera were false-positive, false-negative, or noninterpretable [4]. It is extremely unusual when symptomatic or asymp- tomatic individuals with culture- or PCR-confirmed HIV infection do not produce virus-directed antibodies and remain persistently negative beyond the expected window period. A few such cases have been reported in the literature, and most of which were due to agammaglobulinemia of unknown immune dysfunction [5–11]. These exceptions only reinforce the general notion that once a person is diagnosed with HIV, he or she remains antibody-positive for the rest of his or her life. Newborn babies usually lose HIV antibodies acquired from their HIV-positive mothers. The average time to serore- version after birth is usually 12–16—maximum 18 months [12]. However, with the exception of very few instances,