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Abstract--The methodology used to assess the historical
reliability performance of a Canadian Utility’s electric
distribution system is outlined. Included is an overview of the
process used to collect and organize the required interruption
data as well as a description of the performance indices
calculated for use in the causal assessment. The various
component parts of the reliability performance assessment are
described. This includes a description of indices comparison
between years and to the average at different levels of the system
and by outage cause and component failure. Finally, results
from the 2004 reliability assessment of the utility’s electric
distribution system are summarized and the application of the
calculated performance statistics in planning, operating and
maintaining distribution systems is described.
Index Terms—Distribution system, historical reliability
performance, data collection system, causes of interruptions,
application of historical data
I. INTRODUCTION
WO approaches to reliability evaluation of distribution
systems are normally used; namely, historical assessment
and predictive assessment. Historical assessment involves the
collection and analysis of distribution system outage and
customer interruption data. It is essential for electric utilities
to measure actual distribution system reliability performance
levels and define performance indicators in order to assess the
basic function of providing cost effective and reliable power
supply to all customer types. The distribution system is an
important part of the total electrical supply system. This is due
to the fact that the distribution system provides the final link
between a utility’s transmission system and its customers. It
has been reported elsewhere that more than eighty per cent of
all customer interruptions occur due to failures in the
distribution system [1].
Historical assessment generally is described as measuring
the past performance of a system by consistently logging the
frequency, duration, and causes of system component failures
and customer interruptions. Predictive reliability assessment,
on the other hand, combines historical component outage data
and mathematical models to estimate the performance of
designated configurations. Predictive techniques therefore rely
on two basic types of data to compute service reliability:
component reliability parameters and network physical
configurations.
A. A. Chowdhury is with Electric System Planning, MidAmerican Energy
Company, Davenport, IA 52801, USA (aachowdhury@midmaerican.com),
and L. Bertling is with Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
(lina.bertling@ets.kth.se)
The historical data is very useful when analyzed to
ascertain what went wrong in the past and therefore correct it,
and also as input to predict future service reliability. Both
historical and predictive assessments therefore involve the
collection of system outage data. Historical models summarize
the actual performance of a distribution system during some
time period, for example, quarterly, semi-annually or
annually. The basic data item in this case is a system failure,
which is a component outage or a customer interruption. Each
failure event is taken into consideration and analyzed
according to causes of failure, duration of outage, area of the
system affected.
A variety of customer and load oriented system
performance indices can be derived by manipulating the
recorded data. These indices are very useful for assessing the
severity of interruption events. Assessment of past
performance is useful in the sense that it helps to identify
weak areas of the system and the need for reinforcement. It
enables previous predictions to be compared with actual field
experience as well as it can serve as a guide for acceptable
values in future reliability assessments. A variety of
performance indices that express interruption statistics in
terms of system customers can be computed using the service
continuity data.
This paper is concerned with the aspects of historical
reliability assessment. It briefly describes the different
characteristics of an Automatic Outage Management System
(AOMS) used at a Canadian utility for collecting and
analyzing the distribution supply interruptions and also
presents a summary of service continuity statistics for the
Canadian utility distribution system for the five-year period
2000 through 2004. In addition to the analysis by primary
causes, analysis of failure data by sub-components that fail on
the distribution system and what contributions they represent
to the total unreliability also is presented.
II. AUTOMATIC OUTAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The Canadian utility of concern in this paper uses its
automatic outage management system to collect outage data
for its distribution system. The current system was installed
in late 1998. The Canadian utility is an integrated utility
consisting of generation, transmission and distribution
facilities with urban, fringe and rural networks. Analysis was
done using AOMS data for the period 2000-2004. The
service area is divided into three regions for the purpose of
this paper, namely, Region 1, Region 2 and Region 3. The
general utility distribution system characteristics are
summarized in Table I.
A. A. Chowdhury, Fellow, IEEE and L. Bertling, Member, IEEE
Distribution System In-Depth Causal
Reliability Assessment
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9th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems
KTH, Stockholm, Sweden – June 11-15, 2006
© Copyright KTH 2006