Open Access Mandal and Roy, 1:10 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/scientificreports.463 Research Article Open Access Open Access Scientific Reports Scientific Reports Open Access Volume 1 • Issue 10 • 2012 Keywords: Heavy metals; Bioremediation; Sustainable aqua farming; Toxicity; Bacteria Introduction Indian aquaculture has shown an annual growth of 8%. Currently, the share of isheries in national GDP is 1.4% while 4.5% to the agricultural GDP. Aquaculture production is expected to reach 6.282 million tonnes by 2020 [1]. Over the past few years the world scenario of ishery has evolved a lot as one of the most self sustaining sectors, and has every scope of further improvement as a result of daily increase in demand of ish and isheries related staf. In Asia annual per capita consumption is mostly above 25 kg [2]. Keeping in mind the prevailing danger of scarcity and limited resources in capture isheries, more emphasis and attention is being diverted towards the implementation and betterment of culture based ishery sectors. hus keeping the need for culture based ishery resources in our mind farm culture practice is deinitely proving out to be an outstanding option. he eiciency and success of a well constructed and established farm completely depends on the location, topography and ambience of the farm. If all the former criteria are well taken care of, a farm can turn out to be source of immense monetary gain, but any deviation may lead to nightmare to the owners. he eiciency of a farm depends on the quality of water used and soil on which the impoundment is being made. One of the major problems which may hamper the eiciency of a farm is the deteriorated quality of the ground used for pond construction. As polluted soil spoils the water quality by the process of leaching, also it can be direct threat to bottom dwellers, and presence of heavy metals in the soil acts as the main culprit. As mostly available vacant areas for constructing a farm are either barren land or evacuated spaces to a nearby industry. hus keeping in mind that these are the potential contaminated places and it is of utmost importance to take protective measures for water and as well as soil for sustainable aquaculture. here are some living creatures i.e. bacteria that can tolerate high level of toxic metals and radioactivity respectively. hese organisms can be used to clean up pollutants of iron, copper, silver, lead, arsenic and in some cases uranium. Heavy metals are found naturally in the soil mostly in its complexes or bound form such as in ZnSO 4 , ZnCl and Zinc Oxides. hey enter the *Corresponding author: Basudev Mandal, Department of Aquaculture Management and Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, India, E-mail: bdmandal@yahoo.co.in, basudevmondal@vidyasagar.ac.in Received May 28, 2012; Published October 25, 2012 Citation: Mandal B, Roy DD (2012) Control of Heavy Metal Pollution through Ap- plication of Bioremediation for Sustainable Aqua Farming. 1:463. doi:10.4172/sci- entiicreports.463 Copyright: © 2012 Mandal B, et al. This is an open-access article distributed un- der the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unre- stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract The central idea of this work is to isolate some bacteria from water sample of three different places of separate origin, and to employ them for the purpose of puriication of heavy metal contaminated water so as to make such water less toxic and suitable for the purpose of ish culture. The main objective of the study is to overcome the heavy metal toxicity of water biologically through use of bacteria as a tool for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated water and to make such toxic water suitable for ish culture. On the basis of outcome results it has been revealed that heavy metal pollution in water bodied plays a signiicant role in creating additional stress on ish leading to abnormal changes in behavior, coloration and even mortality of ishes in contrary to the age and toxic intensity dependent. The bacteria can be employed for the purpose of active puriication of heavy metal intoxicated water by increasing their potential through gradual and systematic manipulation. So there lies ahead an excellent possibilty for the betterment of aqua farming by proper management, application of tricks and adaptation of bioremediation tactics for sustainable aqua farming even under the hardest possible condition. Control of Heavy Metal Pollution through Application of Bioremediation for Sustainable Aqua Farming Basudev Mandal* and Daipayan Datta Roy Department of Aquaculture Management and Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, India environment by human activities such as mining, puriication of Zinc, lead and cadmium, steel production, coal burning, burning of wastes, discharges from industrial eluents and excessive use of fertilizer, pesticide application and use of raw sewage waste in farming [3-5]. Materials and Methods Sample collection he water samples were collected in sterile plastic containers from three diferent origin and these samples were in diferent chemical nature. Spot A-from a ish pond in Chasnala (State-Jharkhand). Spot B-from a small lake in Koushyla (State-Odisha) with a connectivity to local drainage system. Spot C-from a drainage system of Kolkata tanneries (State–West Bengal), carrying washed out eluents. he samples were then subjected to serial dilution. Serial dilution All the three samples were diluted in distilled water up to 10 -7 dilution, with 4 ml water in the initial tube and 1 ml of sample to form a vol. of 5 ml, but for the rest, 0.5 ml of sample were taken out of the previous test tubes respectively to make a water vol. of 5 ml each up to 7 th dilution. But growth appeared only up to 10 -5 dilution. Isolation and puriication Inside a laminar low from the test tube of 5th dilution 1 ml of the sample was taken out in a sterile pipette and the contents of the pipette was spread over autoclaved Petridis, and over the sample in the Petridis